Bio Unit 3 Metabolism Questions 21-40

Use the image yo answer the question: Starting with citrate, which of the following combinations of products would result from three acetyl CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle? A) 3 ATP, 6 CO2, 9 NADH, and 3 FADH2 B) 1 ATP, 2 CO2, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 C) 3 ATP, 3 CO2, 3 NADH, and 3 FADH2 D) 6 ATP, 6 CO2, 3 NADH, and 12 FADH2

A) 3 ATP, 6 CO2, 9 NADH, and 3 FADH2

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) in aerobic cellular respiration A) 30-32 B) 18-24 C) 2 D) 4

A) 30-32

Which of the following statements describes the results of this reaction? C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Energy A) C₆H₁₂O₆ is oxidized and O₂ is reduced. B) O₂ is reduced and CO₂ is oxidized. C) O₂ is oxidized and H₂O is reduced. D) CO₂ is reduced and O₂ is oxidized.

A) C₆H₁₂O₆ is oxidized and O₂ is reduced.

A young dog has never had much energy. He is brought to a veterinarian for help, and she decides to conduct several diagnostics tests. She discovers that the dogs mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? A) His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate across the outer mitochondrial membrane. B) His cells lack the enzyme in glycolysis that forms pyruvate. C) His cells have a defective electron transport chain, so glucose goes to lactate instead of to acetyl CoA. B) His cells cannot move NADH from glycolysis into the mitochondria.

A) His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate across the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Which of the following statements about NAD⁺ is true? A) NAD⁺ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle. B) NAD⁺ can donate electrons for use in oxidative phosphorylation. C) NAD⁺ has more chemical energy than NADH. D) In the absence of NAD⁺, glycolysis can still function

A) NAD⁺ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle.

During which of the metabolic processes is most of the CO2 from the catabolism of glucose released? A) citric acid cycle B) glycolysis C) oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA D) electron transport chain

A) citric acid cycle

Starting with one molecule of glucose, glycolysis results in the net production of which of the following sets of energy-containing products? A) 4 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 4 ATP B) 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP C) 2 NAD+, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP D) 6 CO2, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP

B) 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP

An organism is discovered that thrives both in the presence and absence of oxygen. Interestingly, as oxygen is removed from the organism's environment, the rate of sugar consumption increases while the growth rate decreases. What do these observations suggest about the likely identity of the organism? A) It is an unremarkable eukaryotic organism B) It is a facultative anaerobic organism C) It is an obligate anaerobic organism D) It is a photosynthetic organism

B) It is a facultative anaerobic organism

Which of the following statements best describes the primary role played by oxygen in cellular respiration? A) It yields energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the electron transport chain B) It serves as the final electron acceptor for the electrons from the electron transport chain C) it serves as an acceptor for carbon, forming CO2 in the citric acid cycle D) It oxidizes glucose to form two molecules of pyruvate

B) It serves as the final electron acceptor for the electrons from the electron transport chain

Which of the following metabolic processes describes a primary function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation? A) hydrolysis of ATP tp ADP+P B) oxidation of NADH to NAD+ C) reduction of NAD+ to NADH D) reduction of FAD to FADH2

B) oxidation of NADH to NAD+

Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, but before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, the carbon skeleton of glucose has been broken down to CO2 with some net gain of ATP. Most of the energy from the original glucose molecule at that point in the process, however, is in the form of which of the following molecules? A) acetyl-CoA B) NAD+ C) NADH D) pyruvate

C) NADH

Even though plants carry on photosynthesis, plant cells still use their mitochondria for oxidation of pyruvate. Under what conditions will plant cell mitochondria be active in this process? A) Only in the cells that store glucose in the form of glucose and only in the dark B) only in photosynthetic cells with light, while photosynthesis occurs concurrently C) in all cells, with or without light D) in photosynthesizing cells in the light, and in other cells in the dark

C) in all cells, with or without light

Carbon dioxide is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration? A)fermentation and glycolysis B) oxidative phosphorylation and fermentation C) oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle D) glycolysis and the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl

C) oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle

Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis? A) ATP hydrolysis B) substrate-level phosphorylation C) oxidative phosphorylation D) reduction of NAD+ to NADH

C) oxidative phosphorylation

During aerobic respiration, which of the following directly donates electrons to the electron transport chain at the lowest energy level? A) water B) NADH C) ATP D) FADH2

D) FADH2

In the presence of oxygen, the three-carbon compound pyruvate can be catabolized in the citric acid cycle. First, however, the pyruvate (1) loses a carbon, which is given off as a molecule of CO2, (2) is oxidized to form a two-carbon compound called acetate, and (3) is bonded to coenzyme A. Which of the following sets of products results from these reactions? A) acetyl CoA, O2, and ATP B) acetyl CoA, FADH2, and CO2 C) acetyl CoA, NAD+, ATP, and CO2 D) acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO2

D) acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO2

Which of the following metabolic processes normally occurs regardless of whether or not oxygen is present? A) lactate fermentation B) citric acid cycle C) oxidative phosphorylation D) glycolysis

D) glycolysis

In which reactions of cellular respiration and fermentation does substrate-level phosphorylation occur? A) only in the citric acid cycle B) only in the electro transport chain C) only in glycolysis D) in both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

D) in both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ into which location in eukaryotic cells? A) Mitochondrial inner membrane B) cytoplasm adjacent to the mitochondrial outer membrane C) mitochondrial matrix D) mitochondrial intermembrane space

D) mitochondrial intermembrane space

Which of the following generates a proton motive force in mitochondria? A) the flow of protons through ATP synthase down their concentration gradient B) lowering the pH in the mitochondrial matrix C) the reduction of NAD+ by the first electron carrier in the electron transport chain D) pumping of hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space

D) pumping of hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space