biochem: amino acids
what defines a pH when an amino acid has no electrical charge?
isoelectric point
what determines the function of an amino acid? a. amino group b. R group/side chain c. carboxyl group d. all of the above
R group/side chain
what is an amino acid at its isoelectric point?
Zwitter ion
What are the acid amino acids? Select all that apply a. methionine b. tryptophan c. aspartate d. glutamate
aspartate and glutamate
define amphoteric
can act as an acid or a base
what takes fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta oxidation?
carnitine
What are the sulfur containing amino acids? Select all that apply a. isoleucine b. cysteine c. methionine d. cystine
cysteine and methionine
serotonin and niacin convert to? a. melatonin b. insulin c. dopamine d. nicotinamide
melatonin and nicotinamide
aspartame contains aspartic acid which means excess _____ a. biotoxin b. neurotoxic c. dioxin d. bufotoxin
neurotoxic
is insulin part of the animal cell membrane
no but it helps glucose enter the cell
basic amino acids have the greatest positive net charge at ______ pH of blood a. high b. normal c. low
normal
PKU is a deficiency in what enzyme?
phenylalanine hydroxylase
what are the aromatic amino acids? Select all that apply a. phenylalanine b. tyrosine c. threonine d. tryptophan
phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan
What are the 20 essential amino acids?
phenylalanine, valine, tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, methionine, histidine, arginine, leucine, lysine
what is the protein source for methionine and cysteine? a. rice b. wheat c. pulses d. chicken
pulses
what is the mineral for enzyme glutathione peroxidase? a. iron b. iodine c. zinc d. selenium
selenium
tryptophan converts to what? a. melatonin b. biotin c. serotonin d. niacin
serotonin and niacin
what are the 4 steroids
testosterone, cortisol, estrogen and progesterone
which amino acid has an indole ring? a. tyrosine b. threonine c. taurine d. tryptophan
tryptophan
phenylalanine converts to what a. threonine b. tryptophan c. tyrosine d. all of the above
tyrosine
a person with PKU would have a deficiency in ____ and an over abundance in ____
tyrosine, phenylalanine
what is the protein source for lysine? Select all that apply a. wheat b. egg c. rice d. maize
wheat, rice snd maize
albinism results in the inability to convert ____ to ______
L-dopa to melanin
what is the pneumonic for the essential amino acids? a. TVP TIM HALL b. PVT TIM HALL c. PVT SIM HALL d. PVT TIM FALL
PVT TIM HALL
what are the 3 catecholamines
dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine
all amino acids exists in L-form (contain chiral carbon) except ______ a. valine b. isoleucine c. lysine d. glycine
glycine
glutathione is made up of what? select all that apply a. tyrosine b. glycine c. glutamate d. cysteine e. cystine
glycine, glutamate and cysteine
which AA is essential in a child but not an adult? a. lysine b. phenylalanine c. tryptophan d. histidine
histidine
what is composed of 2 polypeptide chains linked by a disulfide bond
insulin
what are the two polypeptide hormones
insulin and glucagon
what are the branched chain amino acids? Select all that apply a. cystine b. valine c. leucine d. isoleucine
isoleucine, leucine, valine
what is the protein source for tryptophan? Select all that apply a. wheat b. legumes c. maize d. pulses
legumes, maize, and pulses
which amino acid is a precursor to carnitine? a. valine b. lysine c. leucine d. methionine
lysine
what are the purely ketogenic amino acids? Select all that apply a. lysine b. aspartame c. cystine d. leucine
lysine and leucine
What are the basic amino acids? Select all that apply a. arginine b. leucine c. histidine d. lysine
lysine, arginine, and histidine
what is it called when you can't break down branched chain amino acids? a. neurotoxic b. albinism c. wernicke korsakoff disease d. maple syrup disease
maple syrup disease