BIOL 1201 - MORONEY - EXAM 3

What is the chance that the daughter in the previous question will be a carrier of the color blind allele? a. almost certainly b. 25% c. 50% d. no chance

C

Which biological activity below is part of RNA processing? a. adding a poly A tail to the 3' end b. removing a primer c. addition of tRNA d. binding of the ribosome e. all of the above

A

A wife has type B blood and the husband has type B blood. Their child is type O. What do you know about the genotypes of the parents? a. both parents are homozygous b. both parents are heterozygous c. crossover must have occurred for this to happen

B

If a person has two identical alleles, he/she is ____ for that gene. a. zygotic b. homozygous c. heterozygous d. homomorphic e. tetraploid

B

What is the genetic material in HIV? a. reverse transcriptase b. DNA c. RNA d. viral coat proteins e. human phospholipids

C

Mendel utilized the ____ as the experimental organism to work out the laws of segregation and independent assortment. a. fruit fly b. neurospora c. garden pea d. bacteriophage lambda e. E. Coli

C

The "on-off" switch for a gene a. exon b. promoter c. operator d. intron e. operon

C

Which of the following contains codons? a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNA d. all proteins e. ribosomes

C

A father has blood type AB and a mother has blood type B. Which blood type is NOT POSSIBLE among their children? a. O b. A c. B d. AB e. all are possible

A

A mature mRNA sequence that is 600 nucleotides from the start of the AUG to the beginning of the stop codon, UAA. Remember you know the exact mRNA sequence. How many amino acids will be in the final protein this mRNA codes for? a. 200 b. 300 c. 600 d. 1200 e. 1800

A

Alternative forms of a gene are referred to as a. alleles b. chromatids c. kinetochores d. sister chromatids e. homologous pairs

A

Consider the DNA sequence: 5'-ATGCGGCATTAA-3'. What mRNA would be produced from this sequence? a. 5' UUAAUGCCGCAU 3' b. 5' TTAATGCCGCTA 3' c. 5' AUCGCCGUAAUU 3' d. 5' ATCGCCGTAATT 3' e. 5' AUGAUCCUCGAU 3'

A

DNA crossover occurs in ______. a. meiosis b. mitosis c. prokaryotic fission d. meiosis and mitosis e. meiosis, mitosis, and prokaryotic fission

A

Early experiments involving mating between red eyed and white eyed fruit flies revealed that a disproportionately large number of males in the F2 generation were white eyed. Why? a. the gene for eye color is located on the sex chromosome b. the metabolic pathway leading to the red pigment in the eyes of the fruit flies is different in males and females c. white eyed females did not develop normally in the egg d. all of the above

A

If a white-eyed male is crossed with a homozygous red eyed male, what is the phenotype of the progeny? a. all males and females will have red eyes b. all males and females will have white eyes c. all males will have red and all female will have white d. all males will have white and all females will have red e. all males and females will have pinkeye

A

If two genes are genetically "linked" they are ______. a. physically close together on the same chromosome b. on the same chromosome but at opposite ends c. on different chromosomes d. on the X and Y chromosomes e. attached during chromosomal abberations

A

Pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs in _____. a. meiosis b. mitosis c. prokaryotic fission d. meiosis and mitosis e. meiosis, mitosis, and prokaryotic fission

A

The pedigree to the right traces are very rare genetic disorder in humans. Affected individuals are indicated by filled in circles or squares. Circles indicate females and square males. What answer below best describes the genetics of this trait? a. autosomal recessive b. autosomal dominant c. X linked trait d. Y linked trait e, chromosomal aberration

A

What is the name of the structure where the spindle tubules attach to the chromosomes? a. kinetochore b. centrosome c. telomere d. cell plate e. spindlin

A

What are the regions that organize microtubule spindles during mitosis? a. peroxisomes b. histones c. centrosomes d. telomeres e. ribosomes

C

If you have recently found out that your father is a carrier of the sickle cell trait and you mother is homozygous normal. what is the chance that you are a carrier of the sickle cell trait? a. no chance at all b. 25% chance c. 50% d. 75% e. you are almost certainly a carrier

C

In tomatoes, tall is dominant (T) and short is recessive (t). Red fruit is dominant (R) and yellow fruit is recessive (r). When a breeder crossed a tall plant with red fruits of unknown genotype with a short plant with yellow fruit he found that 50% of the plants were tall and 50% were short but all of the fruit were red. What was the genotype of the original tall plant with red fruit? a. TTRR b. TtRR c. TtRr d. ttRR e. ttRr

B

The gene for black or grey body color in fruit flies (b) has a recombination rate of 17% with the gene for vestigial wings (vg). The gene for black or grey body color in fruit flies has a recombination rate of 9% with the gene for red or cinnabar eyes (cn). Which statement below is true? a. the gene b is closer to the gene vg than the gene cn b. the gene b is closer to the gene cn than the gene vg c. the genes b, cn, and vg are unlinked d. the gene b and cn are linked but the genes b and vg are unlinked e. the genes b and vg are linked but the genes b and cn are unlinked

B

The process by which mRNA sequence is interpreted and used to direct the synthesis of a protein is called: a. transcription b. translation c. DNA replication d. transformation e. none of the above

B

This is the part of the gene where RNA polymerase binds a. exon b. promoter c. operator d. intron e. operon

B

This mitotic spindle is composed of: a. actin microfilaments b. microtubules c. carbohydrates d. polysomes e. sickle cell hemoglobin

B

Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA? a. RNA uses sulfur, while DNA uses phosphorus b. RNA uses ribose, while DNA uses the sugar deoxyribose c. RNA uses the base thymine, while DNA uses the base uracil d. RNA is found only in prokaryotes e. DNA is only found in Martian organisms

B

Which of the following is a true statement about gene expression? a. cells always express all of their genes all of the time b. in most cells, only some genes are expressed at any one time c. most cells never express any genes d. genes can never be turned on or off e. all genes are turned on when the cells divide and then they are all switched off

B

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance? a. pink flowers in snapdragons b. hair color in humans c. the ABO blood groups in humans d. sex linkage in humans e. white and purple color in sweet peas

B

Which statement about sickle cell anemia? a. it's a contagious disease b. a sickled red blood cell containing rods of hemoglobin S and cannot enter capillaries c. the mRNA sequence for the hemoglobin in a person with sickle cell anemia and a person that does not have the disease is identical d. people with sickle cell anemia often begin to make normal hemoglobin after a few years of treatment e. sickle cell anemia is cause by a virus

B

Which statement about the X chromosome is/are true? a. the X chromosome only has genes related to the female phenotype b. the X chromosome has more genes than the y chromosome c. the X chromosome is not found in male d. the x chromosome is inactivated in males e. this chromosome was recently discovered in the "x" files

B

You have a brother that has sickle cell anemia. Your parents are healthy and you are healthy. What is the chance that you are homozygous normal? a. 25% chance b. 33.3% chance c. 50% chance d. 66.7% chance e. 75% chance

B

You inherited one chromosome 9 from your mom and one from your dad. These are best described as _____. a. heterologous chromosomes b. homologous chromosomes c. homozygous chromosomes d. sister chromatids e. sex chromosomes

B

A certain type of muscular dystrophy is seen only in boys born to apparently normal parents. This disorder causes the boy to die before age ten. Girls never have the disorder. What answer below best describe the genetics of this trait? a. autosomal recessive b. autosomal dominant c. X linked trait d. Y linked trait e, chromosomal aberration

C

A codon is ACG. What is the sequence of the corresponding anticodon? a. GCA b. CGT c. CGU d. TGC e. UGC

C

A person that is heterozygous for polydactyly forms an extra finger. If one parent is heterozygous for polydactyly and the other is homozygous. normal, what is the chance that a child of theirs will have 6 fingers? a. no chance at all b. 25% c. 50% d. 75% e. almost certainly the child will

C

A virus incorporates its DNA into at the host DNA. It replicates along with the host DNA. What type of viral growth is this? a. lambda growth b. lytic growth c. lysogenic growth d. listening growth e. labyrinth-type growth

C

A woman is a carrier of the Duchene's muscular dystrophy (DMD) trait which is a defect in the gene for dystrophin an important muscle protein. The gene for dystrophin is on the X chromosome. Her husband has normal muscle function. What percentage of their children will have DMD? a. none of their children will have DMD b. none of the girls will have it but one quarter of the boys will have it c. none of the girls have have DMD but half of the boys will d. none of the girls will have it but all of the boys will e. one half of the girls and one half of the boys will have DMD

C

Consider the DNA sequence: 5'-CCTGTGAA-3'. This is the template strand1 What mRNA would be produced from this sequence? a. GGACACTT b. GGACACUU c. UUCACAGG d. TTCACAGG e. GEAUXTIGERS

C

Gorilla skin cells have 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do gorilla egg cells have? a 6 b. 12 c. 24 d. 96 e. 96

C

If a heterozygous red-eyed female is crossed with a white-eyed male, what is the phenotype of the progeny? a. all males will have red and all female will have white b. all males will have white and all females will have red c. half the males will have red and half white. half of the females will have red and half white. d. all males will have red eyes. half females will have red eyes and half of white e. half of the males will have red and half white. all females will have white.

C

If a person has two different alleles, he/she is ___ for that gene. a. zygotic b. homozygous c. heterozygous d. homomorphic e. tetraploid

C

If one parent is heterozygous for Huntington's disease and the other is homozygous normal, what is the chance that a child. of theirs will have Huntington's disease? a. no chance at all b. 25% chance c. 50% chance d. 75% chance e. the child will almost certainly have Huntington's disease

C

Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA? a. RNA uses phosphate, while DNA uses sulfate b. RNA uses the sugar deoxyribose, while DNA uses the sugar ribose c. RNA uses the base uracil, while DNA uses the base thymidine d. RNA never participates in base pairing e. DNA is made from nucleotides while RNA is made from carbohydrates

C

A couple has a son who has DMD. Neither parent has DMD. Which parent has/have the DMD trait? a. both parents have the trait b. there is a 50% chance the trait is from the mother and 50% it is from the father c. the mother has the trait but the father does not d. the father has the trait but the mother does not e. not possible Referring back to the previous question, none of the child's grandparents has DMD. Which grandparent must be a carrier of the DMD allele a. paternal grandfather b. paternal grandmother c. maternal grandfather d. maternal grandmother e. both grandfathers

C & D

A cell is finishing mitosis and the chromosomes are separated and becoming less dense. This cell is ______. a. prophase b. anaphase c. prometaphase d. telophase e. metaphase

D

A couple has a son. The son is color blind. Neither parent is color blind. If this couple had a daughter, what is the chance that that daughter will be color blind? a. almost certain she will have it b. 25% c. 50% d. almost no chance

D

Another person has found out that both his father and his mother are carriers of the SMA trait. This person does not have SMA. What is the chance that he is a carrier of the trait? a. 1/4 chance b. 1/3 chance c. 1/2 chance d. 2/3 chance e. 3/4 chance

D

At which stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated? a. G1 phase b. G2 phase c. Meiosis d. S phase e. Mitosis

D

Flower color in snapdragons is an example of incomplete dominance. If a red flowered plant is crossed with a white flowered plant, the F1 generation has pink flowers. If a pink flowered plant was crossed with a red flowered plant, the progeny plants would be _____. a. 100% pink b. 100% red c. 25% red, 50% pink, and 25% white d. 50% pink and 50% red e. 25% pink and 75% red

D

Gorilla egg cells have 24 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do gorilla liver cells have? a. 12 b. 24 c. 36 d. 48 e. 72

D

If codons consisted of 2 nucleotides, which of the following would be the maximum number of amino acids that proteins could contain? a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 16 e. 32

D

None of the grandparents of the boy in the previous questions are color blind. Which of the grandparents must have the color blind allele? a. paternal grandfather b. paternal grandmother c. maternal grandfather d. maternal grandmother

D

The stage of the cell cycle that occurs immediately after G1 is: a. H1 phase b. G2 phase c. M phase d. S phase e. P phase

D

The stage of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated is: a. G1 phase b. G2 phase c. Meiosis d. S phase e. Mitosis

D

This region will be transcribed but then spliced out of the mRNA a. exon b. promoter c. operator d. intron e. operon

D

What is the order of information flow during gene expression? a. RNA --> DNA --> protein b. RNA --> Protein --> DNA c. DNA --> Protein --> RNA d. DNA --> RNA --> Protein e. Protein --> DNA --> RNA

D

What is the result when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis? a. 2 diploid cells b. 2 haploid cells c. 4 diploid cells d. 4 haploid cells e. 2 haploid cells and 2 diploid cells

D

When you cut your arm or leg, the skin cells grow and fill in the damaged area, What type of cell division is occurring? a. RNA transcription b. DNA replication c. meiosis d. mitosis e. prokaryotic fission

D

When you sprain your ankle there is damage to the ligaments and blood vessels. What type of cell division is occurring during the healing process? a. RNA transcription b. DNA replication c. meiosis d. mitosis e. binary fission

D

Which enzyme is responsible for making the RNA strand during transcription? a. DNA ligase b. ribosome c. DNA polymerase d. RNA polymerase e. primase

D

Which statement below best describes linked genes? a. one gene is on the X chromosome and one is on the Y chromosome b. they are identical genes and the organism is homozygous for that trait c. they are on homologous chromosomes but different in sequence and the organism is heterozygous d. the two genes are close together on the same chromosome e. both genes are transcribed at the same time

D

You have recently found out that your father is a carrier of the SMA trait and your mother is homozygous normal. SMA is an autosomal recessive disorder. You do not have the disorder. What is the chance that you are a carrier of the trait? a. almost no chance at all b. 1/4 chance c. 1/3 chance d. 1/2 chance e. 2/3 chance

D

A child born with Down syndrome has ______. a. two copies of an autosomal recessive gene b. one or more copies of an autosomal dominant gene c. has a defect in a gene on the X chromosome d. has an extra X chromosome e. has an extra chromosome 21

E

A human cell contains 22 autosomes and an X chromosome. What is this cell? a. a somatic cell from a female b. a somatic cell from a male or female c. an egg cell d. a sperm cell e. an egg cell or a sperm cell

E

A karyotype revels two X chromosomes, 3 chromosome #21 and two of each of the other human chromosomes. the phenotype of this individual is: a. normal female b. normal male c. sterile female d. sterile male e. female with down's syndrome

E

A woman is pregnant at age 40. The egg that was fertilized resulting in the pregnancy began the process of meiosis about how long before completing the process? a. a few hours b. about one week c. about one month d. 27 years (started at age 13) e. over 40 years

E

Compare the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis in humans. Which process takes longer? a. spermatogenesis takes much longer (days or more) than oogenesis b. spermatogenesis takes only a little longer (hours or less) than oogenesis c. spermatogenesis takes about the same time as oogenesis d. oogenesis takes only a little longer (hours or less) than spermatogenesis e. oogenesis takes much longer (days or more) than spermatogenesis

E

Flower color in snapdragons is an example of incomplete dominance. If a red flowered plant is crossed with a white flowered plant, the F1 generation has pink flowers. If a white flowered plant was crossed with a pink flowered plant, the progeny would be ______. a. 100% white b. 75% white and 25% pink c. 25% red, 50% pink, and 25% white d. 25% pink and 75% white e. 50% pink and 50% white

E

Hairy ears are Y linked traits. If an unfortunate individual such as your professor, has this trait, what is the chance that a son of that man will have hairy ears? a. no chance b. 25% c. 50% chance d. 75% e. he will certainly have it

E

Modern variations of the influenza virus can be recombination of _____. a. two or more old human viruses b. pig viruses and human viruses c. duck viruses and human viruses d. pig viruses, duck viruses, and human viruses e. all of the above

E

Most RNA processing in a eukaryotic cell takes place in the _____. a. rough ER b. smooth ER c. Golgi apparatus d. cytoplasm e. nucleus

E

The region of DNA where RNA polymerase binds is called the ______. a. intron b. operator c. conductor d. repressor e. promotor

E