Biol 255 Exam 1

Match the cell to the connective tissue that it is found in. chondrocyte- osteocyte- fibroblast- stem cells that can produce any type of connective tissue-

1. Cartilage 2. Bone 3. Commective tissue proper 4. Mesenchyme

Match the extraembryonic membrane with the type(s) of cell it is derived from. -Yolk sac -amnion -chorion

1. Hypoblast 2. Epiblast 3. Cytrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast

Match each of the following organ systems with one of the organs that can be found in it. Respiratory system- urinary system- digestive system- lymphatic system- cardiovascular system- integumentary system-

1. Larynx 2. Kidney 3. Esophagus 4. Spleen 5. Vein 6. Sebaceous glands

In mitosis, the nuclear envelope dissolves in [ Select ] ["metaphase", "anaphase", "prophase", "telophase"] and re-forms in [ Select ] ["telophase", "prophase", "anaphase", "metaphase"] .

1. anaphase 2. telophase

The dermis is made of [ Select ] ["connective", "epithelial"] tissue and is derived from the [ Select ] ["mesoderm", "endoderm", "ectoderm"] .

1. connective 2. mesoderm

Exocrine glands are made from [ Select ] ["epithelial", "connective"] tissue, are usually housed in epithelial tissue, and secrete their substances ________

1. epithelial 2. On epithelial surfaces

The epidermis is made of [ Select ] ["connective", "epithelial"] tissue and is derived from the [ Select ] ["endoderm", "ectoderm", "mesoderm"] .

1. epithelial 2.ectoderm

Ceruminous glands create a thick, waxy product by pinching off the apical region of the glandular epithelial cells and releasing it into the duct. What type of gland are they categorized by functionally?

Apocrine

You are examining a cell that has relatively large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum compared to other cells in the same organism. What can you conclude about this cell?

This cell likely produces large amounts of proteins that are secreted from the cell.

The anatomical position

To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward

Which of the following extraembryonic membranes encloses the embryo in a protective, fluid-filled sac?

amnion

Which type of glands produce the distinctive smelling sweat in your axillary and genital areas?

apocrine sweat glands

Which term refers to the region of the head, neck, and trunk of the body (everything on the midline)?

axial

Which muscle tissue is composed of striated, branched cells under involuntary control?

cardiac

Which structures would you expect to find lining your respiratory tract to move mucus along the surface?

cilia

Which type of tissue typically has fewer cells and more extracellular matrix compared to the other types of tissue?

connective

Which type of connective tissue can resist forces in many directions because it consists of tightly-packed collagen fibers arranged in different orientations?

dense irregular connective tissue

The manual region is [ Select ] ["posterior", "distal", "medial", "lateral", "anterior", "proximal"] to the brachial region.

distal

Which cavity does NOT contain any serous membranes?

dorsal

Which pair of anatomical directional terms are mostly equivalent for quadrupeds (four-legged animals) and bipeds (two-legged animals)?

dorsal= posterior

Which primary germ cell layer is nervous tissue derived from?

ectoderm

Most major organs initially develop during which stage?

embryo

Once the three primary germ cell layers form, a developing human is called a(n):

embryo

The right and left hypochondriac regions on the abdomen are directly lateral to which region?

epigastric

Which process needs to occur for two haploid gametes to become a single diploid cell?

fertilization

Which cytoplasmic inclusion can be a source for quick energy in cells when it is broken down into simple carbohydrates?

glycogen

Which organelle would modify and package proteins into vesicles that are destined for the plasma membrane?

golgi apparatus

During which phase is DNA replicated and sister chromatids formed?

interphase

Which type of protein is packed into the cells that make up your outermost-layer of skin, hair, and nails?

keratin

The pericardial cavity is [ Select ] ["posterior", "inferior", "superior", "anterior", "lateral", "medial"] to the pleural cavities.

medial

Which process starts with a diploid parent cell and results in four non-identical daughter cells?

meiosis

During which mitotic phase are the chromosomes lined up on the equatorial plate?

metaphase

Which of the following are NOT part of the cytoskeleton?

microvilli

The workings of all of the systems in the body are modified and maintained by signals from which two systems?

nervous and endocrine

RNA is created (transcribed) in the:

nucleus

Which correctly lists the levels of structural organization from largest to smallest?

organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, molecule

Which skin layer is composed of dense connective tissue and houses many of the accessory structures of the skin?

reticular region of the dermis

A doctor suspects their patient has appendicitis due to a sharp pain felt in the region labeled "7" in the picture above. Which region is this?

right iliac

The tissue lining the alveoli in the respiratory tract needs to allow very quick diffusion of gases across its surface. Which type of tissue allows this?

simple squamous epithelium

Which of the following human cells is haploid?

sperm

Which type of epithelial tissue is best for physical protection of underlying tissues?

stratified squamous epithelium

Which layer of the epidermis comprises the outermost layer and provides most of the epidermal thickness?

stratum corneum

What is cytology?

study of cells

Systemic anatomy refers to:

studying all organs that share an overall function of the body together (e.g., all organs involved in digestion)

Which part of the plasma membrane is most responsible for preventing polar (hydrophilic) substances from freely passing between the outside and inside of the cell?

the phospholipid bilayer

Epithelial tissue can act as a selective barrier, allowing some substances to travel from the lumen, through epithelial cells, and to the underlying connective tissue and blood vessels. To prevent substances from slipping between the epithelial cells, membranes are stitched together by:

tight junctions

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

transverse

Which of the following body cavities is NOT found in the thoracic cavity?

vertebral cavity

The serous membrane that is found on the outer surface of the stomach and small intestines is the:

visceral peritoneum

The correct sequence of preembryonic structures is:

zygote, morular, blastocyst