Biology 2: Chapter 21-Animalia

Select all the characteristics that distinguish sponges from other animals. -asymmetrical body in some individuals -direct development -exoskeleton -no true tissues

-asymmetrical body in some individuals -no true tissues

Match the type of symmetry on the left with its definition on the right. -asymmetrical -radial -bilateral

-asymmetrical: no symmetry present -radial: parts arranged around a central axis -bilateral: only one plane divides the animal into mirror images

Select all of the characteristics of Phylum Echinodermata. -bilateral symmetry in larvae -radial symmetry in adults -pseudocoelem -deuterostome development -chitinous exoskeleton -closest animal relatives to chordates

-bilateral symmetry in larvae -radial symmetry in adults -deuterostome development -closest animal relatives to chordates

Select all of the following that are characteristic of animals. -blastula stage in development -heterotrophic -cells bind to extracellular matrix -multicellular -break down food outside their body -cell walls

-blastula stage in development -heterotrophic -cells bind to extracellular matrix -multicellular

Select all of the following that are mollusks classes. -chitons -gastropods -bivalves -crustaceans -cephalopods -polychaetes

-chitons -gastropods -bivalves -cephalopods

Select all the animals that have segmented bodies. -nematodes -jellyfish -earthworms -insects -vertebrates

-earthworms -insects -vertebrates

Select all of the following that are in the group Bilateria. -arthropods -sponges -chordates -roundworms -cnidarians -flatworms

-flatworms -roundworms -arthropods -chordates

Select the main groups of arthropods. -polychaetes -mandibulates -chelicerates -trilobites -annalids -cephalopods

-mandibulates -chelicerates -trilobites

Select all the features of mollusks. -radial symmetry -proglottids -mantle -three germ layers -deuterostome development -terrestrial and aquatic species

-mantle -three germ layers -terrestrial and aquatic species

Select the three embryonic germ layers present in all eumetazoans except jellyfishes and their relatives. -mesoderm -placoderm -blastoderm -endoderm -ectoderm

-mesoderm -ectoderm -endoderm

Select the three major body regions present in all mollusks. -tentacles -muscular foot -mantle -visceral mass -tail

-muscular foot -mantle -visceral mass

Select the two main clades used by biologists to describe animals without true tissues and animals with true tissues. -mesozoans -parazoans -protozoans -eumetazoans

-parazoans -eumetazoans

Select all of the ways that arthropods influence humans and ecosystems. -produce honey and silk -pollinate plants -synthesize wood -transmit diseases -control pest populations -decompose organic matter

-produce honey and silk -pollinate plants -transmit diseases -control pest populations

Select all of the characteristics of cnidarians. -stinging cells called cnidocytes -flagellated cells called collar cells -true tissues -gastrovascular cavity -three germ layers -radial symmetry

-stinging cells called cnidocytes -true tissues -gastrovascular cavity -radial symmetry

Select all the characteristics of insects. -three body section -usually two pairs of wings -two pairs of antennae -mandibles -six legs -three pairs of chelicerae

-three body sections -usually two pairs of wings -mandibles -six legs

Match the name of the mollusk class on the left with its description on the right. 1. chitons 2. bivalves 3. gastropods 4. cephalopods

1. marine animals with 8 flat shells that overlap 2. have a two-part, hinged shell; oysters, mussels, scallops and clams 3. crawl on a broad, flat foot; nudibranchs, limpets, snails, and slugs 4. has arms connected to a head structure; squids, nautilluses, and octopuses

Match each broad animal group to its correct description. 1. Radiata 2. Deuterostomes 3. Ecdysozoa 4. Lophotrochozoa

1. radial symmetry and two germ layers in embryonic development radial symmetry and two germ layers in embryonic development 2. bilateral symmetry; mouth arises from second opening in embryo 3. bilateral symmetry, protostomes, grow by periodic molting 4. bilateral symmetry, protostomes, have characteristic larvae and DNA sequences

Animals in Phylum _____ have radial symmetry, a gastrovascular cavity, and a body composed of a layer of ectoderm and a layer of endoderm.

Cnidaria

The second largest animal phylum is called Phylum ______, which includes chitons, clams, scallops, snails, nudibranchs, octopuses, squids, and nautiluses.

Mollusca

Cylindrical, unsegmented worms with a pseudocoelom are classified into the phylum

Nematoda

What type of animal is segmented and has protostome development?

annelid

All animal phyla have their origins in _______ ancestors.

aquatic

The most successful group of animals, the ______, have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton.

arthropods

Animals that have ______ are called vertebrates, and those without are called invertebrates.

backbones

Radial and bilateral are two terms used to describe the ______ of an animal.

body symmetry

A(n) ______ is a fluid-filled body cavity that forms completely within the mesoderm during embryonic development in some eumetazoans.

coelem

What kind of animal body cavity forms completely within the mesoderm?

coelem

A mouth and an anus are characteristic of a(n) ______ digestive system.

complete

Mandibulates that have two pairs of antennae and that are mostly aquatic organisms are called _____.

crustaceans

Animals that undergo _______ development do not have a larval stage; instead, they resemble a smaller version of an adult at hatching or birth. Animals that undergo _______ development spend part of their lives in larval stages.

direct; indirect

Animals with deuterostome development, bilateral symmetry as larvae, and five-part radial symmetry as adults are called

echinoderms

In animal sexual reproduction, the union of sperm and egg cell is called ______, and may occur outside or inside the body.

fertilization

Protostomes that have bilateral symmetry and three embryonic germ layers, but that do not possess a coelom or pseudocoelom, are called

flatworms

In animals with incomplete digestive systems, digestion is done in the ______ cavity, which has ______ opening(s).

gastrovascular; one

Protostomes and deuterostomes have embryonic development patterns that differ in terms of what forms from the first indentation of the _______.

gastrula

Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm are the three primary

germ layers in many animal embryos.

Spiders, scorpions, and horseshoe crabs are arthropods called chelicerates, meaning they have

grasping, clawlike mouthparts.

All animals are multicellular,

heterotrophic, and eukaryotic

Arthropods that have mandibles, six legs, one pair of antennae, three body regions, and sometimes two pairs of wings are called _____.

insects

Millipedes and centipedes, insects, and crustaceans are three main groups of _____

mandibulates

A muscular foot, visceral mass, and a mantle are body regions common to all

mollusks

In most protostomes, the first indentation of the gastrula develops into the ______ and the second opening becomes the ______, while in deuterostomes the ______ is the first opening and the ______ is the second.

mouth; anus; anus; mouth

Animals that do not have true tissues are classified as ______, while animals that do have tissues are called eumetazoans.

parazoa

Animals arose from a type of flagellated ________

protist

Arthropods are characterized by

protostome development and jointed appendages.

A(n) ______ is a body cavity that is lined partly with mesoderm and partly with endoderm.

pseudocoelem

In animals, segmentation is the division of an animal body into______.

repeated parts

What animals have a pseudocoelom?

roundworms

Select all of the following that are examples of arthropods. -squids -shrimp -termites -bees -ticks -mosquitoes -snails

shrimp termites bees ticks mosquitoes

The five subphyla of arthropods include three subphyla of mandibulates, one subphylum of chelicerates, and one subphylum containing the 17,000 species of extinct ______.

trilobites