Biology 2: Chapter 21-Animalia
Select all the characteristics that distinguish sponges from other animals. -asymmetrical body in some individuals -direct development -exoskeleton -no true tissues
-asymmetrical body in some individuals -no true tissues
Match the type of symmetry on the left with its definition on the right. -asymmetrical -radial -bilateral
-asymmetrical: no symmetry present -radial: parts arranged around a central axis -bilateral: only one plane divides the animal into mirror images
Select all of the characteristics of Phylum Echinodermata. -bilateral symmetry in larvae -radial symmetry in adults -pseudocoelem -deuterostome development -chitinous exoskeleton -closest animal relatives to chordates
-bilateral symmetry in larvae -radial symmetry in adults -deuterostome development -closest animal relatives to chordates
Select all of the following that are characteristic of animals. -blastula stage in development -heterotrophic -cells bind to extracellular matrix -multicellular -break down food outside their body -cell walls
-blastula stage in development -heterotrophic -cells bind to extracellular matrix -multicellular
Select all of the following that are mollusks classes. -chitons -gastropods -bivalves -crustaceans -cephalopods -polychaetes
-chitons -gastropods -bivalves -cephalopods
Select all the animals that have segmented bodies. -nematodes -jellyfish -earthworms -insects -vertebrates
-earthworms -insects -vertebrates
Select all of the following that are in the group Bilateria. -arthropods -sponges -chordates -roundworms -cnidarians -flatworms
-flatworms -roundworms -arthropods -chordates
Select the main groups of arthropods. -polychaetes -mandibulates -chelicerates -trilobites -annalids -cephalopods
-mandibulates -chelicerates -trilobites
Select all the features of mollusks. -radial symmetry -proglottids -mantle -three germ layers -deuterostome development -terrestrial and aquatic species
-mantle -three germ layers -terrestrial and aquatic species
Select the three embryonic germ layers present in all eumetazoans except jellyfishes and their relatives. -mesoderm -placoderm -blastoderm -endoderm -ectoderm
-mesoderm -ectoderm -endoderm
Select the three major body regions present in all mollusks. -tentacles -muscular foot -mantle -visceral mass -tail
-muscular foot -mantle -visceral mass
Select the two main clades used by biologists to describe animals without true tissues and animals with true tissues. -mesozoans -parazoans -protozoans -eumetazoans
-parazoans -eumetazoans
Select all of the ways that arthropods influence humans and ecosystems. -produce honey and silk -pollinate plants -synthesize wood -transmit diseases -control pest populations -decompose organic matter
-produce honey and silk -pollinate plants -transmit diseases -control pest populations
Select all of the characteristics of cnidarians. -stinging cells called cnidocytes -flagellated cells called collar cells -true tissues -gastrovascular cavity -three germ layers -radial symmetry
-stinging cells called cnidocytes -true tissues -gastrovascular cavity -radial symmetry
Select all the characteristics of insects. -three body section -usually two pairs of wings -two pairs of antennae -mandibles -six legs -three pairs of chelicerae
-three body sections -usually two pairs of wings -mandibles -six legs
Match the name of the mollusk class on the left with its description on the right. 1. chitons 2. bivalves 3. gastropods 4. cephalopods
1. marine animals with 8 flat shells that overlap 2. have a two-part, hinged shell; oysters, mussels, scallops and clams 3. crawl on a broad, flat foot; nudibranchs, limpets, snails, and slugs 4. has arms connected to a head structure; squids, nautilluses, and octopuses
Match each broad animal group to its correct description. 1. Radiata 2. Deuterostomes 3. Ecdysozoa 4. Lophotrochozoa
1. radial symmetry and two germ layers in embryonic development radial symmetry and two germ layers in embryonic development 2. bilateral symmetry; mouth arises from second opening in embryo 3. bilateral symmetry, protostomes, grow by periodic molting 4. bilateral symmetry, protostomes, have characteristic larvae and DNA sequences
Animals in Phylum _____ have radial symmetry, a gastrovascular cavity, and a body composed of a layer of ectoderm and a layer of endoderm.
Cnidaria
The second largest animal phylum is called Phylum ______, which includes chitons, clams, scallops, snails, nudibranchs, octopuses, squids, and nautiluses.
Mollusca
Cylindrical, unsegmented worms with a pseudocoelom are classified into the phylum
Nematoda
What type of animal is segmented and has protostome development?
annelid
All animal phyla have their origins in _______ ancestors.
aquatic
The most successful group of animals, the ______, have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton.
arthropods
Animals that have ______ are called vertebrates, and those without are called invertebrates.
backbones
Radial and bilateral are two terms used to describe the ______ of an animal.
body symmetry
A(n) ______ is a fluid-filled body cavity that forms completely within the mesoderm during embryonic development in some eumetazoans.
coelem
What kind of animal body cavity forms completely within the mesoderm?
coelem
A mouth and an anus are characteristic of a(n) ______ digestive system.
complete
Mandibulates that have two pairs of antennae and that are mostly aquatic organisms are called _____.
crustaceans
Animals that undergo _______ development do not have a larval stage; instead, they resemble a smaller version of an adult at hatching or birth. Animals that undergo _______ development spend part of their lives in larval stages.
direct; indirect
Animals with deuterostome development, bilateral symmetry as larvae, and five-part radial symmetry as adults are called
echinoderms
In animal sexual reproduction, the union of sperm and egg cell is called ______, and may occur outside or inside the body.
fertilization
Protostomes that have bilateral symmetry and three embryonic germ layers, but that do not possess a coelom or pseudocoelom, are called
flatworms
In animals with incomplete digestive systems, digestion is done in the ______ cavity, which has ______ opening(s).
gastrovascular; one
Protostomes and deuterostomes have embryonic development patterns that differ in terms of what forms from the first indentation of the _______.
gastrula
Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm are the three primary
germ layers in many animal embryos.
Spiders, scorpions, and horseshoe crabs are arthropods called chelicerates, meaning they have
grasping, clawlike mouthparts.
All animals are multicellular,
heterotrophic, and eukaryotic
Arthropods that have mandibles, six legs, one pair of antennae, three body regions, and sometimes two pairs of wings are called _____.
insects
Millipedes and centipedes, insects, and crustaceans are three main groups of _____
mandibulates
A muscular foot, visceral mass, and a mantle are body regions common to all
mollusks
In most protostomes, the first indentation of the gastrula develops into the ______ and the second opening becomes the ______, while in deuterostomes the ______ is the first opening and the ______ is the second.
mouth; anus; anus; mouth
Animals that do not have true tissues are classified as ______, while animals that do have tissues are called eumetazoans.
parazoa
Animals arose from a type of flagellated ________
protist
Arthropods are characterized by
protostome development and jointed appendages.
A(n) ______ is a body cavity that is lined partly with mesoderm and partly with endoderm.
pseudocoelem
In animals, segmentation is the division of an animal body into______.
repeated parts
What animals have a pseudocoelom?
roundworms
Select all of the following that are examples of arthropods. -squids -shrimp -termites -bees -ticks -mosquitoes -snails
shrimp termites bees ticks mosquitoes
The five subphyla of arthropods include three subphyla of mandibulates, one subphylum of chelicerates, and one subphylum containing the 17,000 species of extinct ______.
trilobites