Biology chapter 19

First

Primary producers are found in what tropic level in an ecosystem

Mining phosphate rocks to produce fertilizers

Humans phosphate after the phosphorus cycle by

Species evenness

If a biologist is measuring diversity by calculating the proportion of individuals of each species he or she is actually calculating the _ of species in the community

Keystone species

If there is higher species diversity in a community when species x is present than when it has been removed you might consider species x to be a

Competition

In _ two or more species or organisms are trying to use the same limited resource

Biochemical cycle

In a _ elements will move through the abiotic and biotic components of the earth

Precipitation

In the water cycle water falling on land as rain or snow is a process called

Marine

Intertidal zone open ocean

Freshwater

Lakes and rivers groundwater

Biome

Major type of ecosystem characterized by a particular climate and group of species

Population

Members of the same species that inhabit the same area are called a

In the producer level that is available for consumers to eat

Net primary production of an ecosystem is the amount of energy

Shallow coastal water

What area of the ocean has the most nutrients sunlight and primary productivity

temperate deciduous forest

What biome is characterized by warm summers cold winters trees that lose their leaves seasonally and animals raccoons deer squirrels snakes birds and foxes

Desert

What is an example of a biome

Second

What tropic level in an ecosystem do primary consumers occupy

Primary producer

What type of organism harvests energy to build organic molecules that support animals, fungi and all other levels of a food web

Primary producer

What type of organism occupies the first tropic level in a food chain

Community

A _ consist of interacting populations of organisms

Keystone

A _ species is one that makes up a small portion of the community but has a large influence on community diversity

Symbiosis

A close and lifelong ecological relationship between species is called

Interacting populations of several species

A community is composed of a group of

Primary consumer

A deer which is an herbivore belongs to what tropic level

Symbiosis

A lichen which consist of fungal and algae partners that live together and provide nutrients to each other is an example of

Food chain

A mouse eats a seed; a rattlesnake eats the mouse then a hawk eats the rattlesnake this is an exemplar of a

Species

A population is composed of members of the same _ living in the same area

Herbivore

An animal that exclusively eat plants is called a

predator

An animal that kills and eats other animals is called a

The 15 different fish species in a lake

An example of high species richness is

Competition

An interaction between two individuals where both are negatively impacted is called

Primary consumer

An organism that eats primary producers is called an herbivore or

The proportion of the community that each species occupies

As a measure of diversity species evenness is

Tertiary consumer

As a result of biomagnification mercury levels would be highest in a

Tundra

Average temperature below 0C and annual precipitation around 50 cm

Desert

Average temperature between 0C and 30 C and annual precipitation between 0 and 100 cm

Temperate forest

Average temperature of 10c and annual precipitation between 100 and 200 cm

Tropical rain forest

Average temperature of 25c and annual precipitation around 350 cm

Biomes

Biologist divide the biosphere into _ which are the major types of ecosystems on earth

Temperate grassland

Bison were originally dominant large grazing herbivores in what North American biome

Photosynthetic autotrophs

Carbon from the atmosphere enters food chains through the actions of

Taiga

Caribou reindeer lynx spruce furs pines and migratory birds are species found in what biome

Taiga

Caribou, reindeer lynx spruce firs pines and migratory birds are species found in what biome

Secondary consumer

Carnivores occupy what tropic level in a food chain

Biomagnification

Chemical pollutions can become more concentrated at successfully higher tropic level due to a process called

Species richness

Counting the number of species in a habitat is a measure of

The curvature of earth and the tilt of its axis

Due to _ equatorial regions of earth have warm temperatures year round and no equatorial regions experience lower temperatures, less light and seasonal changes

Equatorial regions receive the most intense sunlight

Equatorial regions have year-round warm temperatures and the highest amounts of precipitation because

coniferous forest

Evergreen trees ferns birds deer bobcats amphibians and bears are all species typical of what biome

Dry and windy Organisms have antifreeze chemicals

Select all characteristics of polar ice caps

Climate characterized by hot summers and cold winters Grazing and fire suppress tree growth Grasses and flowering plants are the dominant vegetation

Select all of the true statements about grasslands

Conversion to farmland Building of cities and suburbs

Select all the factors that have reduced the range of many natural biomes

Organisms that use sunlight to build organic molecules Plants Autotrophs

Select all the following that are primary producers

Works and crustaceans are part of the food web Inhabited by whales, seals and birds Have phytoplankton as the base of the food chain

Select all the following that are true about earths polar ice caps

Huge bands on earth with characteristics types of vegetation Influenced by temperatures and moisture components of climate

Select all the following that are true about terrestrial biomes

Light penetrates lake and pond regions to differing degrees Phytoplankton are dominant producers in the photic zone

Select all the following that describe lakes and ponds

Absorb heat and regulate climate Saltwater habitats Earths largest biome

Select all the following that describe oceans

Characterized by long cold winters Also called the boreal forestp

Select all the statements that describe the taiga

They are characterized by mild winters and abundant rain and fog Most trees are evergreen species such as spruce and hemlock

Select all the true statements about temperate coniferous forests

respiration and combustion

Select all the ways that carbon enters the atmosphere in the carbon cycle

invertebrates Zooplankton Phytoplankton

Select organisms that are common in lakes and ponds

Marine Freshwater

Select two main categories of aquatic biomes

Evaporation

Suns heart

Deciduous forest

The biome occupying much of eastern North America and characterized by trees such as oak and maple that shed their leaves in autumn is called temperate

Net primary production

The energy in an ecosystem that is available for consumers to eat is called the

Eutrophication

The process by which nutrients trigger rapid growth of algae ultimately leading 02

Position in a food chain

Tropic level describes an organisms

Coevolution

genetic change in one species selects for subsequent change in another species