Biology Chapter 3 Study Guide
Which functional group acts as an acid when placed in solution
-COOH
Which functional group is present in amino acid's
-NH2
What functional group makes a carbohydrate polar
-OH
A nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components
A nitrogen containing base, a phosphate group, and a sugar
The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a
Polymer
Glycogen is a—
Polymer;Glucose molecules
Which of the following is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured
Primary structure
Testosterone is a lipid based hormone; insulin is a —
Protein
Amino acids are needed to build—
Protein; nucleotides
Which of the following is not associated with proteins
Proteins are used to produce DNA
Select the incorrect association
Proteins- have three forms: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
The term functional is used in the phrase functional group because it describes a group of atoms that
React a certain way with other molecules
Of the following, which is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share
They are made of repeated monomer units
How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules
They are not seen in all living things
What makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy then on saturated ones
They possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, which makes them more tightly packed together
Which nitrogen containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA
Thymine
In sickle-cell disease, malformation of red blood cells is caused by only one mistake for one amino acid in the genetic code for hemoglobin.
True
When starch is digested, an -OH group and an -H group from a water molecule is used in hydrolysis to split monosaccharide subunits.
True
Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in
Two monomers
A fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called
Unsaturated
Which nitrogen containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA
Uracil
A gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of
Amino Acids
In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer
Amino acid-protein
Which of the following would describe a polypeptide
Amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reaction
Atherosclerosis is associated with
Fats with no double bonds
A starch molecule is to glucose as
Fatty acid is to a fat
Which of the following elements would be found in a carbohydrate
C, H, O
Which of the following is an organic molecule
C6H12O6
Which formula is a hydrocarbon
CH4
Which of the following is not an organic molecule
COCI2
Which of the following is not an organic molecule
CaCO3
Which one of the following is not a potential danger of anabolic steroids
Can enhance the body's production of normal sex hormones
The four main categories of organic macromolecules are
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleus acids
A molecule is said to be organic if it contains
Carbon and oxygen atoms
Scientists created an enzyme that will break down any type of carbohydrate. If given to humans, they could use which of the following as a new food source?
Cellulose
Wood and cotton cloth are composed of
Cellulose
The principal role for sugars in living things is to
Create cellular energy
Deoxyribose is a sugar found in
DNA
How does DNA differ from RNA
DNA is comprised of a double strand RNA is a single strand
DNA and RNA and differ in that
DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contain sugar ribose in the nitrogen containing base uracil
A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a
Dehydration Reaction
Which one of the following is a function of proteins
Energy storage
A polypeptide forms a pleated sheet or a helix as its primary structure
False
Select the incorrect association
Fructose- a polysaccharide
Humans store excess polysaccharides in the form of
Glycogen
Which word does not belong with the others
Glycogen
Which of the following is not a dehydration synthesis reaction
Glycogen forming glucose molecules
When a person orders a hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the following would be a false statement about the nutritional intake
Glycogen will be obtained from the bun
In addition to carbon, an organic molecule must contain
Hydrogen
If a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as
Hydrophilic
What is the function of a peptide bond
Joins nucleotide bases to one another
When you eat a salad, which one of the following components will pass through the body with the least amount of digestion
Lettuce
What category of biological molecules are steroids included in
Lipids
In a dehydration reaction,—
Monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed
Which of the following is an organic molecule
Na2CO3
Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA
Nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate
ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell the components of ATP are a nitrogen containing base, a pentose sugar, and three phosphate groups and given this structure, ATP is a
Nucleic Acid
Which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?
Peptide-amino acid-polypeptide
Which of the following levels of protein folding would include shapes identified as helix and pleated sheet?
Secondary structure
The primary structure of a protein refers to the
Side groups of the amino acid's
Plants store there sugar in the form of
Starch
DNA functions to—
Store the information to make RNA;Contain the information to make a protein
Which word does not belong with the others
Sucrose
Which of the following levels of a protein are susceptible to denaturation?
Tertiary and quaternary structures