Biology Chapter 3 Study Guide

Which functional group acts as an acid when placed in solution

-COOH

Which functional group is present in amino acid's

-NH2

What functional group makes a carbohydrate polar

-OH

A nucleotide is made of which of the following chemical components

A nitrogen containing base, a phosphate group, and a sugar

The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called a

Polymer

Glycogen is a—

Polymer;Glucose molecules

Which of the following is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured

Primary structure

Testosterone is a lipid based hormone; insulin is a —

Protein

Amino acids are needed to build—

Protein; nucleotides

Which of the following is not associated with proteins

Proteins are used to produce DNA

Select the incorrect association

Proteins- have three forms: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides

The term functional is used in the phrase functional group because it describes a group of atoms that

React a certain way with other molecules

Of the following, which is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share

They are made of repeated monomer units

How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules

They are not seen in all living things

What makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy then on saturated ones

They possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, which makes them more tightly packed together

Which nitrogen containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA

Thymine

In sickle-cell disease, malformation of red blood cells is caused by only one mistake for one amino acid in the genetic code for hemoglobin.

True

When starch is digested, an -OH group and an -H group from a water molecule is used in hydrolysis to split monosaccharide subunits.

True

Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in

Two monomers

A fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called

Unsaturated

Which nitrogen containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA

Uracil

A gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of

Amino Acids

In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer

Amino acid-protein

Which of the following would describe a polypeptide

Amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reaction

Atherosclerosis is associated with

Fats with no double bonds

A starch molecule is to glucose as

Fatty acid is to a fat

Which of the following elements would be found in a carbohydrate

C, H, O

Which of the following is an organic molecule

C6H12O6

Which formula is a hydrocarbon

CH4

Which of the following is not an organic molecule

COCI2

Which of the following is not an organic molecule

CaCO3

Which one of the following is not a potential danger of anabolic steroids

Can enhance the body's production of normal sex hormones

The four main categories of organic macromolecules are

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleus acids

A molecule is said to be organic if it contains

Carbon and oxygen atoms

Scientists created an enzyme that will break down any type of carbohydrate. If given to humans, they could use which of the following as a new food source?

Cellulose

Wood and cotton cloth are composed of

Cellulose

The principal role for sugars in living things is to

Create cellular energy

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in

DNA

How does DNA differ from RNA

DNA is comprised of a double strand RNA is a single strand

DNA and RNA and differ in that

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contain sugar ribose in the nitrogen containing base uracil

A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a

Dehydration Reaction

Which one of the following is a function of proteins

Energy storage

A polypeptide forms a pleated sheet or a helix as its primary structure

False

Select the incorrect association

Fructose- a polysaccharide

Humans store excess polysaccharides in the form of

Glycogen

Which word does not belong with the others

Glycogen

Which of the following is not a dehydration synthesis reaction

Glycogen forming glucose molecules

When a person orders a hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the following would be a false statement about the nutritional intake

Glycogen will be obtained from the bun

In addition to carbon, an organic molecule must contain

Hydrogen

If a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as

Hydrophilic

What is the function of a peptide bond

Joins nucleotide bases to one another

When you eat a salad, which one of the following components will pass through the body with the least amount of digestion

Lettuce

What category of biological molecules are steroids included in

Lipids

In a dehydration reaction,—

Monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed

Which of the following is an organic molecule

Na2CO3

Which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA

Nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate

ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell the components of ATP are a nitrogen containing base, a pentose sugar, and three phosphate groups and given this structure, ATP is a

Nucleic Acid

Which of the following is in correct order from smallest to largest?

Peptide-amino acid-polypeptide

Which of the following levels of protein folding would include shapes identified as helix and pleated sheet?

Secondary structure

The primary structure of a protein refers to the

Side groups of the amino acid's

Plants store there sugar in the form of

Starch

DNA functions to—

Store the information to make RNA;Contain the information to make a protein

Which word does not belong with the others

Sucrose

Which of the following levels of a protein are susceptible to denaturation?

Tertiary and quaternary structures