Biology Chapter 36 Review

It enters

A flatworms cannot eat when food is already in its gut because food has to come out the same way __ _______.

Flame cells, tubes

Planarians eliminate excess water from their bodies by using _______ _______ to collect water which is transported through _________ and then is removed from the body.

Proglotids

Rectangular body sections of tapeworms:

Necator

Roundworms that can live a parasitic life are Ascaris, ___________, and Trichinella.

True

Tapeworms absorb food from their host's intestine directly through their skin.

False

Tapeworms absorb nutrients by means of a pharynx.

Tegument

Tapeworms absorb nutrients through their:

False

The ectoderm forms between the mesoderm and the endoderm.

Urine

The eggs of the blood fluke Schistosoma leave the primary host in feces or ________.

Humans

The primary hosts of beef tapeworms are:

Pharynx

A planarian feeds by extending a muscular tube called the:

False

A pseudocoelom is a body cavity.

Flame, excretory

A rotifer's excretory system includes _________ cells and ___________ tubules.

Platyhelmenthies

A schistosome is a member of the phylum:

Hermaphrodite

A single individual that possesses both male and female sex organs is called a:

2, tegument, pharynx

Adaptation of flukes to a parasitic way of life is that they all have _______ mouth(s), a _________, and a _______ to suck in fluids.

True

All flukes are parasites.

One, different

An advantage of having a digestive tract instead of a gastrovascular tract is that in a digestive tract food only moves ____ way(s), so different parts of the tract can have __________ functions.

Contaminated

Ascaris eggs enter the body of a human host when the host ingests _____________ food or water.

False

Both flatworms and roundworms belong to the same phylum.

No

Can tapeworms detect light?

Swollen

Elephantiasis causes the limbs to become _________.

False

Flatworms are members of the phylum Nematoda.

Bilateral

Flatworms are the simplest animals with _________ symmetry.

Fission

Flatworms can reproduce asexually by:

Coelomate

Flatworms have a(n) ___________ body plan.

Surface

Flatworms have no need for circulatory and respiratory systems because cells are close to the animal's _________.

True

Flatworms lack respiratory and circulatory systems.

Diffusion

Flatworms take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide by the process of:

Trematoda

Flukes belong to the Class:

True

Germ layers are embryonic layers of cells that develop into specific structures.

Anemia

Hookworm infestation results in serious harm to people primarily by causing:

True

Hookworm larvae enter by boring through the host's feet.

Lungs

Hookworms normally reach the human intestine after they travel through the blood to the _____ and throat and are then swallowed.

False

Humans can avoid trichinoisis by wearing shoes when they walk through fields.

False

Most flatworms are not parasitic.

False

Most roundworms are parasitic.

Simpler

On difference between free-living flatworms and parasitic flatworms is that parasitic flatworms usually have a __________ structure.

Rotifers

Organisms that feed by the use of seeping cilia near their mouths are:

Trichinosis

Pain and muscle stiffness are symptoms of a parasitic infestation called:

True

Planarians can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

False

Planarians have a branched digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus.

Eyespots, direction

Planarians use _________ to detect the intensity and _________ of the light.

Reproductive

Proglottids are part of a tapeworm's __________ system.

Mesoderm, endoderm

Pseudocoelomates have a hollow, fluid-filled cavity that is lined by _______ on the outside and _________ on the inside.

Tegument

Respiration in the flatworm occurs across the:

Flame cells

Rotifers eliminate excess water that they collect from their freshwater environment by:

True

Rotifers have a distinct head end with a mouth and a distinct tail end.

Anus, free-living, pseudocoelomate, bilateral

Roundworms and rotifers both have a mouth and ______, are ________________, have a ___________ body plan, and have _______ symmetry.

Nematoda

Roundworms belong to which phylum?

Anus

Roundworms eliminate wastes through an opening at the other end of the gut called the:

Pseudocoelom

Roundworms have a fluid-filled cavity between the gut and body wall called a:

Pseudocoelomate

Roundworms have a(n) ____________ body plan.

True

Roundworms have both a mouth and an anus.

Mouth

Roundworms take in food through the:

Trematode

Schistosomiasis is a disease cause by a:

False

Schistosomiasis results from tapeworm infestation.

Cestoda

Tapeworms belong to Class:

Scolex, ventral

Tapeworms have a _____, and flukes have a suction at the end of the ________.

False

Tapeworms have a well-developed digestive tract.

Regeneration

The ability of some animals, such as flatworms, to re-grow lost parts of their bodies is:

True

The acoelomate body plan is the least complex body plan.

Blood vessels

The blood fluke Schistosoma causes damage in humans by blocking:

Circulation, rigid, freely

The evolution of body cavities was important because fluids within the body cavity aid in ___________ of materials, fluids in the cavity make the body _________, and organs are better able to function if they can move ________ within the body cavity.

Mollusks

The first organisms to develop an internal body cavity were the:

Digestive

The function of the cilia is to sweep food into the ____________ tract.

Single

The gastrovascular cavity of a flatworm has a ___________ opening.

True

The most complex of the four body plans is the coelomate body plan.

True

The mouth of a rotifer is surrounded by a crown of cilia.

Eggs

The nematode Ascaris lumbricoides infects humans, spending most of its adult life inside the intestines of its host. To be infected, a person must consume the nematode's _____.

True

The planarians is a member of Class Turbellaria.

Humans

The primary hosts of beef tapeworms are __________.

Two

The roundworm digestive tract has _______ opening(s).

Scolex

The tapeworms knob-shaped head is called the:

Cuticle

Thick, protective cellular covering flukes that prevents them from being digested by their hosts:

False

Trichinosis is caused by a rotifer.

Flukes:Parasitic

Turbellarians:free living ::

Mosquito

What insect carries the roundworm that causes elephantiasis?

Circulatory system

What is not found in flatworms?

Snail

What is the intermediate host of a blood fluke?

Human

What is the primary host of a blood fluke?

Humans

What is the primary host of a blood fluke?

Snail

What is the secondary host of a blood fluke?

Larval Stage

What stage of the beef tapeworm life cycle is spent inside a cyst?

Crown of cilia

What structure on a rotifer looks like a pair of rotating wheels?

Intestines

Where do eggs hatch in the life cycle of Ascaris?

Warm, damp soil

Where do eggs hatch in the life cycle of hookworms?

Intestines

Where do eggs hatch in the life cycle of pinworms?

Nematodes

___________ are not coelomates.