Biology Chapter 36 Review
It enters
A flatworms cannot eat when food is already in its gut because food has to come out the same way __ _______.
Flame cells, tubes
Planarians eliminate excess water from their bodies by using _______ _______ to collect water which is transported through _________ and then is removed from the body.
Proglotids
Rectangular body sections of tapeworms:
Necator
Roundworms that can live a parasitic life are Ascaris, ___________, and Trichinella.
True
Tapeworms absorb food from their host's intestine directly through their skin.
False
Tapeworms absorb nutrients by means of a pharynx.
Tegument
Tapeworms absorb nutrients through their:
False
The ectoderm forms between the mesoderm and the endoderm.
Urine
The eggs of the blood fluke Schistosoma leave the primary host in feces or ________.
Humans
The primary hosts of beef tapeworms are:
Pharynx
A planarian feeds by extending a muscular tube called the:
False
A pseudocoelom is a body cavity.
Flame, excretory
A rotifer's excretory system includes _________ cells and ___________ tubules.
Platyhelmenthies
A schistosome is a member of the phylum:
Hermaphrodite
A single individual that possesses both male and female sex organs is called a:
2, tegument, pharynx
Adaptation of flukes to a parasitic way of life is that they all have _______ mouth(s), a _________, and a _______ to suck in fluids.
True
All flukes are parasites.
One, different
An advantage of having a digestive tract instead of a gastrovascular tract is that in a digestive tract food only moves ____ way(s), so different parts of the tract can have __________ functions.
Contaminated
Ascaris eggs enter the body of a human host when the host ingests _____________ food or water.
False
Both flatworms and roundworms belong to the same phylum.
No
Can tapeworms detect light?
Swollen
Elephantiasis causes the limbs to become _________.
False
Flatworms are members of the phylum Nematoda.
Bilateral
Flatworms are the simplest animals with _________ symmetry.
Fission
Flatworms can reproduce asexually by:
Coelomate
Flatworms have a(n) ___________ body plan.
Surface
Flatworms have no need for circulatory and respiratory systems because cells are close to the animal's _________.
True
Flatworms lack respiratory and circulatory systems.
Diffusion
Flatworms take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide by the process of:
Trematoda
Flukes belong to the Class:
True
Germ layers are embryonic layers of cells that develop into specific structures.
Anemia
Hookworm infestation results in serious harm to people primarily by causing:
True
Hookworm larvae enter by boring through the host's feet.
Lungs
Hookworms normally reach the human intestine after they travel through the blood to the _____ and throat and are then swallowed.
False
Humans can avoid trichinoisis by wearing shoes when they walk through fields.
False
Most flatworms are not parasitic.
False
Most roundworms are parasitic.
Simpler
On difference between free-living flatworms and parasitic flatworms is that parasitic flatworms usually have a __________ structure.
Rotifers
Organisms that feed by the use of seeping cilia near their mouths are:
Trichinosis
Pain and muscle stiffness are symptoms of a parasitic infestation called:
True
Planarians can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
False
Planarians have a branched digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus.
Eyespots, direction
Planarians use _________ to detect the intensity and _________ of the light.
Reproductive
Proglottids are part of a tapeworm's __________ system.
Mesoderm, endoderm
Pseudocoelomates have a hollow, fluid-filled cavity that is lined by _______ on the outside and _________ on the inside.
Tegument
Respiration in the flatworm occurs across the:
Flame cells
Rotifers eliminate excess water that they collect from their freshwater environment by:
True
Rotifers have a distinct head end with a mouth and a distinct tail end.
Anus, free-living, pseudocoelomate, bilateral
Roundworms and rotifers both have a mouth and ______, are ________________, have a ___________ body plan, and have _______ symmetry.
Nematoda
Roundworms belong to which phylum?
Anus
Roundworms eliminate wastes through an opening at the other end of the gut called the:
Pseudocoelom
Roundworms have a fluid-filled cavity between the gut and body wall called a:
Pseudocoelomate
Roundworms have a(n) ____________ body plan.
True
Roundworms have both a mouth and an anus.
Mouth
Roundworms take in food through the:
Trematode
Schistosomiasis is a disease cause by a:
False
Schistosomiasis results from tapeworm infestation.
Cestoda
Tapeworms belong to Class:
Scolex, ventral
Tapeworms have a _____, and flukes have a suction at the end of the ________.
False
Tapeworms have a well-developed digestive tract.
Regeneration
The ability of some animals, such as flatworms, to re-grow lost parts of their bodies is:
True
The acoelomate body plan is the least complex body plan.
Blood vessels
The blood fluke Schistosoma causes damage in humans by blocking:
Circulation, rigid, freely
The evolution of body cavities was important because fluids within the body cavity aid in ___________ of materials, fluids in the cavity make the body _________, and organs are better able to function if they can move ________ within the body cavity.
Mollusks
The first organisms to develop an internal body cavity were the:
Digestive
The function of the cilia is to sweep food into the ____________ tract.
Single
The gastrovascular cavity of a flatworm has a ___________ opening.
True
The most complex of the four body plans is the coelomate body plan.
True
The mouth of a rotifer is surrounded by a crown of cilia.
Eggs
The nematode Ascaris lumbricoides infects humans, spending most of its adult life inside the intestines of its host. To be infected, a person must consume the nematode's _____.
True
The planarians is a member of Class Turbellaria.
Humans
The primary hosts of beef tapeworms are __________.
Two
The roundworm digestive tract has _______ opening(s).
Scolex
The tapeworms knob-shaped head is called the:
Cuticle
Thick, protective cellular covering flukes that prevents them from being digested by their hosts:
False
Trichinosis is caused by a rotifer.
Flukes:Parasitic
Turbellarians:free living ::
Mosquito
What insect carries the roundworm that causes elephantiasis?
Circulatory system
What is not found in flatworms?
Snail
What is the intermediate host of a blood fluke?
Human
What is the primary host of a blood fluke?
Humans
What is the primary host of a blood fluke?
Snail
What is the secondary host of a blood fluke?
Larval Stage
What stage of the beef tapeworm life cycle is spent inside a cyst?
Crown of cilia
What structure on a rotifer looks like a pair of rotating wheels?
Intestines
Where do eggs hatch in the life cycle of Ascaris?
Warm, damp soil
Where do eggs hatch in the life cycle of hookworms?
Intestines
Where do eggs hatch in the life cycle of pinworms?
Nematodes
___________ are not coelomates.
