Biology Exam 3

Why do some physicians advise patients with a bladder infection to drink a lot of cranberry juice?

Cranberry juice makes the urine more acidic, decreasing the rate at which microorganisms can grow and reproduce.

A mild fever is part of the body's second line of defense and aids the body by increasing the rate of tissue repair. increasing the metabolic rate of body cells. All of the above are correct. speeding up defense reactions. creating an inhospitable internal environment for pathogenic bacteria.

all of the above

Antibodies are generated

by B cells

Which of the following is true regarding HIV and AIDS? - Most of the people infected with HIV live in South America, where the disease originated. - Approximately 100,000 people worldwide die each year from AIDS. - If an individual with AIDS gets proper medical attention, he probably will not die from complications associated with this syndrome. - Due to improved education and prevention methods in the United States, the number of newly diagnosed cases of AIDS is rapidly declining. - Symptoms of AIDS do not normally appear until years after HIV detection.

due to improved education and prevention methods in the US, the number of newly diagnosed cases of AIDS is rapidly declining

Which of the following leukocytes is most likely to be directly involved in the destruction of flukes? eosinophils basophils neutrophils B lymphocytes natural killer cells

eosinophils

T/F: Histamine is released by neutrophils to induce an inflammation response when tissues become damaged.

false

T/F: The first type of white blood cell to arrive at the site of an infection is the eosinophil.

false

Skin is able to prevent most microorganisms from entering the body by

having keratin in the uppermost layer.

HIV is classified as a retrovirus because

it makes a DNA copy of its RNA once inside the host cell.

The release of chemicals from injured cells triggers histamine release from

mast cells

Which of the following would result in passive immunity? movement of antibodies across the placenta from mother to child production of memory cells past occurrence of an infection or disease stimulation of T cells and B cells by an antigen vaccination

movement of antibodies across the placenta from mother to child

Which of the following body fluids does not transmit HIV from human to human? saliva semen breast milk vaginal fluid blood

saliva

Which of the following types of T cells is a critical component of the immune system because it stimulates and enhances the activity of other components of the immune system? cytotoxic T cell T helper cell T memory cell T suppressor cell natural killer cells

t helper cell

Which of the following is true regarding lymph nodes? Macrophages but not lymphocytes can be found within lymph nodes. They remove microorganisms and abnormal cells from lymph and return them to blood circulation. They are located only in the digestive tract and neck. Lymph flows from the lymph vessels to the urinary system. They filter lymph fluid.

they filter lymph fluid

T/F: Prions are infectious proteins that cause normal proteins in the brain to misfold.

true