Biology Finals Chapter 3
What is a phospholipid composed of
A polar head and a nonpolar tail
The cell theory states that all organisms are made of cells; cells are the most basic unit of life and__
All existing cells are produced by other living cells
Which of the following is a major principle upon which cell theory is based?
All organisms are made of cells
Which invention played the greatest role in the discovery of cells by early scientists?
Compound microscope
The difference in the concentration of dissolved particles from one location to another is called
Concentration gradient
What is the term for the jellylike substance that is contained in the cell membrane?
Cytoplasm
Which of the following is a network of proteins that supports and gives shape to a cell?
Cytoskeleton
Unlike passive transport, active transport requires
Energy from a cell
Which process is occurring when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?
Exocytosis
Which process requires no energy from the cell?
Facilitated diffusion
A solution that is hypotonic to a cell has
Fewer solutes than the cell
Which model did scientists develop to describe the cell membrane?
Fluid Mosaic Model
Water moves into a cell when the solution surrounding the cell is
Hypotonic
Which organelle contains enzymes that break down damaged cell parts?
Lysosomes
Which organelles contain enzymes that break down old cell parts?
Lysosomes
Which organelles supply energy to the cell
Mitochondria
Which organelle is the storehouse for most of a cells genetic info?
Nucleus
Specialized structures that work together inside a cell are called
Organelles
What is the term for the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane?
Osmosis
Which process occurs inside the chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis
What are the main differences between plant cells and animal cells?
Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, animal cells do not.
What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?
Process and deliver proteins
Which phrase best describes passive transport
Requires no energy from cell
Which of the following organelles can be found in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Ribosomes
Which phrase best describes the property of selective permeability?
Some molecules pass
Which phrase best describes rough ER
Studded with ribosomes
Which organelles are involved in the process called endocytosis?
Vesicles
The most basic unit of life is the
cell
Which organelles are unique to plant cells
chloroplasts
Unlike a eukaryotic cell, a prokeryotic cell does not have a
nucleus
A membrane-bound sac used to transport substances into and out of the cell is a
vesicle
