Biology Finals Chapter 3

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What is a phospholipid composed of

A polar head and a nonpolar tail

The cell theory states that all organisms are made of cells; cells are the most basic unit of life and__

All existing cells are produced by other living cells

Which of the following is a major principle upon which cell theory is based?

All organisms are made of cells

Which invention played the greatest role in the discovery of cells by early scientists?

Compound microscope

The difference in the concentration of dissolved particles from one location to another is called

Concentration gradient

What is the term for the jellylike substance that is contained in the cell membrane?

Cytoplasm

Which of the following is a network of proteins that supports and gives shape to a cell?

Cytoskeleton

Unlike passive transport, active transport requires

Energy from a cell

Which process is occurring when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?

Exocytosis

Which process requires no energy from the cell?

Facilitated diffusion

A solution that is hypotonic to a cell has

Fewer solutes than the cell

Which model did scientists develop to describe the cell membrane?

Fluid Mosaic Model

Water moves into a cell when the solution surrounding the cell is

Hypotonic

Which organelle contains enzymes that break down damaged cell parts?

Lysosomes

Which organelles contain enzymes that break down old cell parts?

Lysosomes

Which organelles supply energy to the cell

Mitochondria

Which organelle is the storehouse for most of a cells genetic info?

Nucleus

Specialized structures that work together inside a cell are called

Organelles

What is the term for the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane?

Osmosis

Which process occurs inside the chloroplasts?

Photosynthesis

What are the main differences between plant cells and animal cells?

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, animal cells do not.

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Process and deliver proteins

Which phrase best describes passive transport

Requires no energy from cell

Which of the following organelles can be found in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Ribosomes

Which phrase best describes the property of selective permeability?

Some molecules pass

Which phrase best describes rough ER

Studded with ribosomes

Which organelles are involved in the process called endocytosis?

Vesicles

The most basic unit of life is the

cell

Which organelles are unique to plant cells

chloroplasts

Unlike a eukaryotic cell, a prokeryotic cell does not have a

nucleus

A membrane-bound sac used to transport substances into and out of the cell is a

vesicle


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