biology - How Is a Plant Made?

protoplast

The protoplasmic unit of a cell, usually made up of a nucleus and cytoplasm, but excluding a cell wall

cell wall

The rigid wall of plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane.

chromosome

The threadlike bodies apparent in the nucleus during certain phases of cell division; carries the genes or inheritance units of a cell; segments of DNA molecules.

chloroplast

The tiny body that contains chlorophyll; photosynthesis takes place in this part of the cell.

membrane

A protein and fat structure serving as a covering and enclosure for cells.

A remarkable fact about cells is:

cells are very different, yet have similar properties

The material which provides rigidity to cell walls is called __________.

cellulose

Identify which plastid belongs to each color. Green __________. Orange ___________. Colorless ___________.

chloroplasts chromoplasts leucoplasts

Robert Hooke was an English __________ who was the first man to describe plant cells.

physicist

A ___________ cell has a cell wall and a water vacuole to help maintain a rigid structure.

plant

A plant cell can __________ substances between its internal and external environment.

selectively transfer

Cells are analogous to a chemical factory. They utilize energy to _____.

synthesize and decompose organic substances

A cell is:

the basic building block of organisms

A plant chloroplast is a plastid.

true

Plant cells convert solar energy into chemical energy.

true

No lifeform, whether human or animal, could exist on the earth without the process of __________, which is mostly associated with plants.

photosynthesis

Vacuoles are reservoirs in plant cells that help maintain water balance.

true

Plant cells and animal cells both have _____. (Select all that apply.)

vacuoles a plasma membrane a nucleus cyptoplasm

nucleus

(pl. nuclei). The protoplasmic substance separate from the cytoplasm; the cell headquarters or information center; location of DNA and RNA; bodies found in the nucleus are chromosomes and the nucleolus.

About how many cells does the human body contain?

30(10 ¹²)

vacuole

A cell storage body that increases in size with age; included within, but not a part of the cytoplasm; storage materials are often water and poisonous by-products of cell activities.

cell

The basic building block of all forms of life.

(Select all that apply.) Choose the five substances that can be found in the cell vacuoles.

anthocyanins minerals dissolved proteins sugars calcium oxalate

When was the "cell" first identified and named?

approximately 350 years ago

The protoplast consists of:

everything inside the cell wall, but not including the cell wall

The protoplasm and cytoplasm of a plant are interchangeable terms.

false

(Select all that apply.) Choose the operations conducted by the "cell factory."

interpret coded information decompose chemicals perform maintenance convert energy duplicate itself selective exchange synthesize chemicals