Biology Test 4 Review Quizzes
The molecule ______ is produced to store energy and is broken down in order to use that energy for cellular processes
ATP
Which of the following is correct about homeostasis?
All living things must maintain homeostasis in order to survive
In what way is the structure of the small intestine related to its function?
Finger-like villi increase the surface area available for absorption
Which of the following serves as both reactant in photosynthesis and product in cellular respiration?
H2O
Which of the following is logically associated with mitochondria?
Krebs Cycle
How do living systems "know" the appropriate temperature or water content within that system?
Organisms have a genetically predetermined set point that must be internally maintained
Which of the following represents the correct order of steps in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
PS II, ETC I, PS I, ETC II
What is the importance of photosynthesis to organisms other than plants?
Photosynthesis captures energy that other organisms access when they eat either plants or organisms that eat plants
Which of the following statements about energy metabolism is FALSE?
Plants provide the H2O and CO2 that animals need to carry out respiration
During blood clotting, a broken blood vessel triggers a cascade of factors that collectively reduce blood loss. In this example, the clotting factors are functioning as part of
Positive feedback loop
Which of the following statements about the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is NOT true?
The PNS may integrate and process information
Plants and animals use different energy storage molecules, yet they both use the same mechanism to "burn" their stored energy. How can plants and animals both be successful, even though they "burn" different energy storage molecules?
The breaking of the chemical bonds of a storage molecule transfers energy, no matter what molecule is stored
Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is FALSE?
The process of cellular respiration does not require the input of energy
Which of the following is a similarity between photosynthesis and respiration
They are both metabolic processes
Any chemical reaction that uses ATP to build cellular components is
anabolic
Which of the following parts of a neutron is responsible for transmitting a signal to another cell?
axon
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle the element _________ through the environment. When a plant does photosynthesis, it takes this element from the air and produces sugars. When animals conduct cellular respiration, they break down sugars and exhale a gas that contains this element
carbon
Metabolic reactions that break down complex molecules into smaller compounds, thereby releasing usable energy for the cell, are best described as
catabolic
What should the arrow in the following equation be labeled? Sugar + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
cellular respiration
When eating dessert, you notice the sweetness of sugar when _____ are stimulated
chemoreceptors
Which organelles is the site of photosynthesis in plants?
chloroplast
Which organ system works with the respiratory system to deliver gases and the endocrine system to deliver hormones?
circulatory system
Which of the following sequences correctly describes the pathway that a signal travels in a neuron?
dendrite to cell body to axon
The branched structure on a nerve cell that receive information are called
dendrites
The hormone-producing tissues of animals make up the ______ system
endocrine
The first law of thermodynamics states that
energy cannot be created nor destroyed
When ATP breaks down into ADP and a phosphate group
energy is released and can power cellular activities
The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organism's
environment
Which step of cellular respiration occurs outside the mitochondria?
glycolysis
The three stages of cellular respiration (in order) are
glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
Which of the following is a collection of organs?
heart, lungs, and liver
A given enzyme
increases the rate of a particular reaction
Which of the following ultimately provides the O2 used during the process of cellular respiration?
light reactions of photosynthesis
To conduct photosynthesis and produce the desired product, and autotroph must acquire ________ as a source of energy and ________ as a source of matter
light; carbon dioxide
Bile is produced in the _______ and secreted into the small intestine by the ________
liver; gallbladder
Which of the following sensory receptor types is NOT found in humans?
magnetoreceptors
The advantage of chewing food is that this process
mechanical digestion and increases the surface area of the food for further digestion
The sensory receptor types that provide information about body position and balance to help you coordinate your dance moves are
mechanoreceptors
The capture AND use of energy by living organisms involves numerous chemical reactions. Collectively these processes are known as
metabolism
If you were to step on a nail with you right foot, which of the following things would NOT happen
motor output from your right leg would be interpreted by your brain as sensory input
The first enzymes that food encounters in our body are in our
mouth
When you eat an apple, your body breaks down the tissues of the apple and absorbs the nutrients. What is the correct path an apple would take through your digestive system?
mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
After about an hour of basking in the sun, the body temperature of the marine iguana reaches 37 degrees C, and the animal dives into the water to feed. In the water, its body temperature rapidly drops, and the iguana must return to the rocks to warm up. This process is an example of
negative feedback
After class, you decide to grab a milkshake from Chick-Fil-A, which raises your blood-glucose level. In response, you pancreas secretes insulin, which triggers the uptake of glucose into the cells. Your blood-glucose level then declines and returns to normal. This process is an example of
negative feedback
Regulation of your body temperature is primarily controlled by which system?
nervous system
Which of the following components includes all of the others listed below?
organ system
For homework, your instructor asks you to write a paragraph discussing how the mouth, stomach, and small intestines work together to process food items and provide nutrients to the body. Which level of biological organization are you studying?
organ systems
Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, indicating that the glycolic reactions
require no oxygen
Minerals are
required by the human body in small amounts (inorganic)
Carbon dioxide is one product of metabolic process, which occurs in both plants and animals. This process is called
respiration
The power that moves food along your esophagus comes from
smooth muscle
The external signals and information that are received by an organism are called
stimuli
Photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical bonds by forming
sugars
The ultimate source of energy for living systems is
sunlight
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are both complemetary and relatively balance, but early history of life on Earth shoed increasing oxygen concentrations. This indicates that
the amount of photosynthesis occurring exceeded the amount of cellular respiration
Insulin is a protein hormone that helps cells use glucose. In type 1 diabetes, insulin-making cells in the pancreas are attacked and destroyed. This is an example of
the endocrine, digestive, circulatory, and immune systems affecting one another
Food passing through our digestive tract would contain the fewest nutrients when it reaches which of the following organs?
the large intestine