Biology Test 4 Review Quizzes

The molecule ______ is produced to store energy and is broken down in order to use that energy for cellular processes

ATP

Which of the following is correct about homeostasis?

All living things must maintain homeostasis in order to survive

In what way is the structure of the small intestine related to its function?

Finger-like villi increase the surface area available for absorption

Which of the following serves as both reactant in photosynthesis and product in cellular respiration?

H2O

Which of the following is logically associated with mitochondria?

Krebs Cycle

How do living systems "know" the appropriate temperature or water content within that system?

Organisms have a genetically predetermined set point that must be internally maintained

Which of the following represents the correct order of steps in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

PS II, ETC I, PS I, ETC II

What is the importance of photosynthesis to organisms other than plants?

Photosynthesis captures energy that other organisms access when they eat either plants or organisms that eat plants

Which of the following statements about energy metabolism is FALSE?

Plants provide the H2O and CO2 that animals need to carry out respiration

During blood clotting, a broken blood vessel triggers a cascade of factors that collectively reduce blood loss. In this example, the clotting factors are functioning as part of

Positive feedback loop

Which of the following statements about the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is NOT true?

The PNS may integrate and process information

Plants and animals use different energy storage molecules, yet they both use the same mechanism to "burn" their stored energy. How can plants and animals both be successful, even though they "burn" different energy storage molecules?

The breaking of the chemical bonds of a storage molecule transfers energy, no matter what molecule is stored

Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is FALSE?

The process of cellular respiration does not require the input of energy

Which of the following is a similarity between photosynthesis and respiration

They are both metabolic processes

Any chemical reaction that uses ATP to build cellular components is

anabolic

Which of the following parts of a neutron is responsible for transmitting a signal to another cell?

axon

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle the element _________ through the environment. When a plant does photosynthesis, it takes this element from the air and produces sugars. When animals conduct cellular respiration, they break down sugars and exhale a gas that contains this element

carbon

Metabolic reactions that break down complex molecules into smaller compounds, thereby releasing usable energy for the cell, are best described as

catabolic

What should the arrow in the following equation be labeled? Sugar + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + ATP

cellular respiration

When eating dessert, you notice the sweetness of sugar when _____ are stimulated

chemoreceptors

Which organelles is the site of photosynthesis in plants?

chloroplast

Which organ system works with the respiratory system to deliver gases and the endocrine system to deliver hormones?

circulatory system

Which of the following sequences correctly describes the pathway that a signal travels in a neuron?

dendrite to cell body to axon

The branched structure on a nerve cell that receive information are called

dendrites

The hormone-producing tissues of animals make up the ______ system

endocrine

The first law of thermodynamics states that

energy cannot be created nor destroyed

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a phosphate group

energy is released and can power cellular activities

The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organism's

environment

Which step of cellular respiration occurs outside the mitochondria?

glycolysis

The three stages of cellular respiration (in order) are

glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Which of the following is a collection of organs?

heart, lungs, and liver

A given enzyme

increases the rate of a particular reaction

Which of the following ultimately provides the O2 used during the process of cellular respiration?

light reactions of photosynthesis

To conduct photosynthesis and produce the desired product, and autotroph must acquire ________ as a source of energy and ________ as a source of matter

light; carbon dioxide

Bile is produced in the _______ and secreted into the small intestine by the ________

liver; gallbladder

Which of the following sensory receptor types is NOT found in humans?

magnetoreceptors

The advantage of chewing food is that this process

mechanical digestion and increases the surface area of the food for further digestion

The sensory receptor types that provide information about body position and balance to help you coordinate your dance moves are

mechanoreceptors

The capture AND use of energy by living organisms involves numerous chemical reactions. Collectively these processes are known as

metabolism

If you were to step on a nail with you right foot, which of the following things would NOT happen

motor output from your right leg would be interpreted by your brain as sensory input

The first enzymes that food encounters in our body are in our

mouth

When you eat an apple, your body breaks down the tissues of the apple and absorbs the nutrients. What is the correct path an apple would take through your digestive system?

mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

After about an hour of basking in the sun, the body temperature of the marine iguana reaches 37 degrees C, and the animal dives into the water to feed. In the water, its body temperature rapidly drops, and the iguana must return to the rocks to warm up. This process is an example of

negative feedback

After class, you decide to grab a milkshake from Chick-Fil-A, which raises your blood-glucose level. In response, you pancreas secretes insulin, which triggers the uptake of glucose into the cells. Your blood-glucose level then declines and returns to normal. This process is an example of

negative feedback

Regulation of your body temperature is primarily controlled by which system?

nervous system

Which of the following components includes all of the others listed below?

organ system

For homework, your instructor asks you to write a paragraph discussing how the mouth, stomach, and small intestines work together to process food items and provide nutrients to the body. Which level of biological organization are you studying?

organ systems

Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, indicating that the glycolic reactions

require no oxygen

Minerals are

required by the human body in small amounts (inorganic)

Carbon dioxide is one product of metabolic process, which occurs in both plants and animals. This process is called

respiration

The power that moves food along your esophagus comes from

smooth muscle

The external signals and information that are received by an organism are called

stimuli

Photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical bonds by forming

sugars

The ultimate source of energy for living systems is

sunlight

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are both complemetary and relatively balance, but early history of life on Earth shoed increasing oxygen concentrations. This indicates that

the amount of photosynthesis occurring exceeded the amount of cellular respiration

Insulin is a protein hormone that helps cells use glucose. In type 1 diabetes, insulin-making cells in the pancreas are attacked and destroyed. This is an example of

the endocrine, digestive, circulatory, and immune systems affecting one another

Food passing through our digestive tract would contain the fewest nutrients when it reaches which of the following organs?

the large intestine