Biology Test - Jams win Edition!!! muehehe

Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1GD1) is a recessive genetic disease that affects 1 in 900 individuals in a particular population. GD1GD1 is caused by a mutation in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, calculate the frequency of the wild-type (nonmutant) allele for the enzyme glucocerebrosidase.

0.967

Finch beak depth was measured before and after a severe drought in 1977. The averaged results are shown in Figure 1. After the drought, there were fewer seeds available for the finches to eat and the seeds that did remain were larger and harder to crack open. Researchers claim that when large, hard seeds are the predominate food source, the average beak depth of these finches tends to increase in subsequent generations. Using the evidence provided, which of the following best justifies the researchers' claim?

Finch beak depth increased as a consequence of selective pressure after the drought because the remaining seeds were larger and harder.

(Not 100% sure, but pretty please!! hehe) Which of the following statements might best explain the increase in average beak size in the finch population during the drought?

Finches with bigger beaks are better able to crack thick-walled seeds and produce more surviving offspring.

The bird, Parus major, is commonly found in man-made habitats. During the summer these birds primarily feed on insects, and in the winter, when insects are scarce, they forage in gardens and bird feeders for seeds, nuts, and berries. Recently, climate change has led to a decrease in food available from gardens, and scientists have observed that the average beak length of the birds has increased. Which of the following best explains the directional shift in beak length in these birds?

Longer beaks allow the birds to better access seeds in bird feeders.

A small number of lizards from a mainland population have been deposited on four isolated islands because of the effects of a rare strong storm. Which of the following best predicts the outcome of these lizards reproducing for many generations on the islands?

The isolation prevents gene flow; thus, the lizards on different islands experience prezygotic isolation.

Two populations of a species of squirrel are geographically isolated from each other. Although they have the same population density, one population is significantly larger in number than the other. A new bacterial disease, which is easily spread and extremely virulent, affects both populations at the same time. Which of the following is the best prediction of how the new disease will affect the two populations?

The smaller population will be more affected than will the larger population, because the smaller population has less genetic variation than the larger population has.

A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In 1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to emerge.Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what percentage of moths in the natural population was white in 1962 ?

0.04 or 4%

A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In 1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to emerge. Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what percentage of the gray moths that emerged in 1980 was heterozygous?

0.67 or 67%

Poaching is the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals. Both male and female African elephants have tusks that are a significant source of ivory used for ornaments and jewelry. Assuming that the size of the tusks is heritable, which of the following is the most likely long-term effect of poachers targeting African elephants with large tusks?

A decrease in average tusk size because elephants with large tusks are less likely to survive to reproduce

Based on the cladogram, which of the following are the traits shared between ferns and pines?

Embryo and xylem only

(Not 100% sure it was on, but remember pretty please!!) (THIS IS DEFINITELY ON) The different species of finches on the Galapagos Islands are believed to have arisen as a result of natural selection acting on populations of finches that had experienced

Geographic Isolation

The different species of finches of the Galapagos islands are believed to have arisen as a result of natural selection acting on populations of finches that had experienced

Geographic Isolation

Which of the following best describes the process responsible for the change in the percent of tuskless female elephants in the Gorongosa National Park population shown in Figure 1 ?

Human hunting of elephants with tusks between 1977 and 1992.

Rock pocket mice live in the deserts of the American southwest. Ancestral pocket mice all had light-colored coats that blended in with the region's rocks and sandy soil, keeping the mice hidden from predatory owls.

Light-colored mice are significantly more susceptible to predation by owls in habitats with lava rocks than in habitats with sandy soil.

Researchers studying the evolutionary relationships of three species of snails collected the data shown in Table 1.Which of the following data sets is most likely to provide reliable information about the evolutionary relationships among these three snail species?

Location of fossils and shell orientation

Many species of corals are threatened by the increasing temperatures and decreasing pH of ocean waters. One species, Stylophora pistillata, has been found to thrive in water that is warmer and has a lower DH than the water that corals typically thrive in. Additionally, researchers have found that the tolerance for the new water conditions is heritable. Which of the following statements best explains the changes seen in S. pistillata in response to the changing water conditions?

The corals adaptation is an example of natural selection because the tolerance is in response to a changing environment and has a genetic basis.

Data regarding the presence (+) or absence (-) of five derived traits in several different species are shown in the table below. Which of the following cladograms provides the simplest and most accurate representation of the data in the table?

YWVZX