Biology Unit 2 Quiz 2
ionic bond
A bond formed by the electrical attraction between two oppositely charged ions
covalent
A bond of the following elements would be of what type? Drawing a model may be helpful. 2H + O ionic covalent
covalent
A bond of the following elements would be of what type? Drawing a model may be helpful. C + 4H ionic covalent
ionic
A bond of the following elements would be of what type? Drawing a model may be helpful. Ca + 2Cl ionic covalent
ionic
A bond of the following elements would be of what type? Drawing a model may be helpful. Na + Cl ionic covalent
covalent bond
A chemical bond formed between two atoms by the sharing of electrons
inorganic
A chemical compound not containing carbon.
base
Capable of combining with hydrogen; it normally donates a hydroxyl (OH -)
2
Carbon's n=1 level
4
Carbon's n=2 level
0
Carbon's n=3 level
0
Carbon's n=4 level
Na+
How is a sodium ion symbol written? Na+ So+ So- Na-
1
How many chlorine can oxygen donate
0
How many electrons can oxygen donate
0
How many electrons can oxygen receive
2
How many electrons can oxygen receive
cation
Identify this symbol. Al +3 cation atom molecule anion
anion
Identify this symbol. Cl - atom anion cation molecule
molecule
Identify this symbol. H2O molecule atom cation anion
atom
Identify this symbol. Ne molecule anion cation atom
anion
Identify this symbol. OH - molecule anion atom cation
an electron may change to an excited state an electron may move to a higher energy level
If an atom is supplied with excess energy: an electron may change to an excited state a proton will leave the nucleus an electron may move to a higher energy level an electron may move to a lower energy level an electron may fly off (exit) the energy level
ionic
Inorganic compounds are usually held together by ___________________ bonds.
True
Salts help to maintain the natural ionic concentration of an organism True False
intermolecular force between hydrogen and oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen an attraction between polar molecules
Select the characteristics of a hydrogen bond: hydrogen attracted to weakly positive atoms a gravitational force intermolecular force between hydrogen and oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen an attraction between polar molecules
chemical bond
The union between atoms by the interaction of their electrons in the outermost energy level
put together
The word "synthesize" means: melt add create put together
the sharing of electrons by two or more atoms
A covalent bond is: a bond in which atoms stay very close but do not actually contact the sharing of electrons by two or more atoms any bond between two or more atoms attraction between two positive atoms
False
A hydrogen bond is completed by the transfer of its sole electron to another element. True False
solvent
A liquid which acts to dissolve or suspend solutes
pH
A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
anion
A negatively charged ion is called a(n) ________________
anion
A negatively charged ion; an atom which has gained an electron.
strong base
A pH of 12 indicates a(n): weak base strong base weak acid strong acid
strong acid
A pH of 2 indicates a(n): strong acid weak base strong base weak acid
cation
A positively charged ion is called a(n) ________________
cation
A positively charged ion; an atom which has lost an electron.
solute
A substance which is dissolved in a liquid.
base
A substance which yields a cation plus the hydroxyl ion in water is a(n): base salt acid
acid
A substance which yields an anion plus a hydrogen ion is a(n): salt base acid
covalent
A water molecule is held together by a ______________________ bond
False
All the subatomic particles participate in chemical reactions. True False
energy
An electron in the second energy level has more ________________________ than an electron in the first energy level.
hydrogen bond
An intermolecular force occuring between a hydrogen atom and fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms
two atoms exchange electrons and become ions
An ionic bond occurs when: two ions neutralize each other two atoms come in contact two atoms exchange electrons and become ions
is the attraction of two oppositely charged ions involves actual transfer of electrons
An ionic bond: is the attraction of two oppositely charged ions is the attraction of two similarly charged ions involves actual transfer of electrons does not involve actual transfer of electrons
carbon
An organic molecule will always contain: carbon and hydrogen oxygen hydrogen O, H, and C carbon
organic
Any chemical compound which contains carbon.
chemical reaction
Atoms of elements or compounds interact to form at least one new compound
True
Atoms which possess completed outer energy level or have a stable octet are inert. True False
to rearrange its configuration to result in a complete outer energy level
Chemical reactions are the result of an atom attempting: to reduce the number of electrons to rearrange its configuration to result in a complete outer energy level add electrons to have a stable octet in its outer energy level to become electrically neutral
acid
Donates a hydrogen atom during disassociation.
ion
Electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons
-1
Electron's valence
2
Nitrogen's n=1 level
5
Nitrogen's n=2 level
0
Nitrogen's n=3 level
0
Nitrogen's n=4 level
will not
Organic fats ______________________________ dissolve in water.
-2
Oxygen's valence
2
Phosphorus's n=1 level
8
Phosphorus's n=2 level
5
Phosphorus's n=3 level
0
Phosphorus's n=4 level
salt
The compound formed by the ionic bonding of a cation and anion.
8 18
The first (n=1) energy level of an atom contains a maximum of 2 electrons, the second (n=2) energy level contains a maximum of __, and the third (n=3) energy level contains a maximum of ____.
valence
The number of electrons lost or gained to complete an element's outer energy level
7
The pH of water is ____ because it contains an equal amount of H+ and OH- ions.
0 14
The pH scale ranges between ___ and _____.
complete
Valence is the number of electrons an atom must gain or lose in order to ____________________________ its outer energy level or have a stable octet.
False
Water can only dissolve inorganic compounds. True False
hydrogen
Water molecules are attracted to each other by ________________________________ bonds.
separate into ions
When salts are dissolved in water they: separate into component atoms separate into ions precipitate as compounds form acids and/ or bases
when less than half of the outer energy level is filled
When will an atom give up electrons? when more than half of the outer energy level is filled when the n = 2 level is full when less than half of the outer energy level is filled when the outer energy level is empty
-3 +2 +1 +3 -1 -2
Which valences have the greatest tendency to form ions? -3 +2 +4 -4 +1 +3 -1 -2
anion
a negative ion
cation
a positive ion
ion
an atom which has gained or lost electrons
acid
produces H + ions when added to water
base
produces OH - ions when added to water