BIS chapter 2
which of the following are static processes
payroll, calculating taxes, creating financial statements
type of graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole
pie chart
what rotates data to display alternative presentations of the data
pivot
expert systems
playing chess
decision making process steps
problem identification, data collection, solution generation, solution test, solution selection, solution implementation
3 characteristics of online transactional processing
process the information, store the information, update existing information to reflect the new information
temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service, or result
project
the structure of a typical organization is similar to a _______ and the different levels require different types of information to assist in decision making, problem solving, and opportunity capturing
pyramid
business process ______ is the analysis and redesign of workflow within and between enterprises
reengineering
_______ structured decisions occur in situations in which a few established processes help to evaluate potential solutions, but not enough to lead to a definite recommended decision.
semi structured
3 characteristics of managerial decisions
semistructured, adhoc unplanned, reporting, middle management and director employee types, short term, daily, monthly and yearly time frames
______ analysis is the study of the impact on other variables when one variable is changed repeatedly
sensitivity
what is software that will search several retailer websites and provide a comparison of each retailers offerings including price and availability
shopping bot
a sparkline is a small embedded line graph that illustrates a ______ trend. Sparklines are often used in reports, presentations, dashboards, and scoreboards
single trend
______ documents are the original transaction record
source
what types of decisions involve higher level issues concerned with the overall direction of the organization, these decisions define the organizations overall goals and aspirations for the future
strategic decisions
at what level do managers develop overall business strategies, goals, and objectives as part of the company's strategic plan
strategic level
Business facing processes
strategic planning, tactical planning, budget forecasting, training, purchasing raw materials
what improves business process efficiencies by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
streamlining
operational decisions are considered ______ decisions, which arise in situations where established processes offer potential solutions
structured
2 types of DSS systems
system that identifies risks for insurance companies, system to diagnose and treat patients
throughput
the amount of information that can travel through a system at any point in time
machine vision resolution
the extent to which a machine can differentiate between objects
conversion rate
the number of customers an organization touches for the first time and persuades to purchase its products or services
3 conditions that indicate the time is right to initiate a business process change
there has been a pronounced shift in the market the process was designed to serve, the company is markedly below industry benchmarks on its core processes , to regain competitive advantage, the company must leapfrog competition on key dimensions
what model shows the results of applying change improvement opportunities to the current process model
to be process models
3 examples of analytical information
trends, sales, product statistics, future growth projections
key performance indicators
turnover rates of employees, percentage of help desk calls answered in the first minute, number of product returns, number of new customer, average customer spending
decisions that occur in situations in which no procedures or rules exist to guide decision makers toward the correct choice
unstructured
3 characteristics of strategic decisions
unstructured, non recurring, one time, long term multiyear , external industry, cross company, senior management, presidents leaders executives
3 characteristics of online transactional processing
updates existing information to reflect the new information, stores the information, processes the information according to defined business rules
computer simulated environment that can be a simulation of the real world or an imaginary world
virtual reality
work environment that is not located in any one physical space
virtual workplace
_____ produces graphical displays of patterns and complex relationships in large amounts of data
visualization
what includes tasks , activities, and responsibilities required to execute each step in a business process
workflow
virtual reality
working virtually around the globe
_____ process models represent the current state of the operation that has been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes
AS IS
______ MIS metrics measure the impact MIS has on business processes and activities, including customer satisfaction and customer conversion rates
Effectiveness
difference between KPI, and CSF
KPI's are far more specific than CSF
______ network is a category of AI that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works
Neural
_____ if analysis checks the impact of a change in a variable or assumption on the model
WHAT
BPMN______ is a task in a business process
activity
_____ information encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis of semistructured decisions
analytical
what simulates human thinking and behavior, such as the ability to reason and learn
artificial intelligence
industry specific facing processes
banking loan processing, insurance claims processing, government grant allocation, hotel reservation handling, airline baggage handling
what are the most successful solutions or problem solving methods that have been developed by a specific organization or industry
best practices
_____ occur when resources reach full capacity and cannot handle any additional demands, they limit throughput and impede operation
bottle necks
A ______ process patent protects a specific set of procedures for conducting a particular business activity
business
_____ process modeling is the activity of creating a detailed flowchart or process map of a work process that shows its inputs, tasks, and activities in a structured sequence
business
invisible to the external customer, but essential to the effective management of the business
business facing process
what attempts to understand and measure the current process and make performance improvements accordingly
business process improvements
graphical description of a process, showing the sequence of process tasks, which is developed for a specific purpose and from a selected viewpoint
business process model
graphical notation that depicts the steps in a business process
business process model and notation
method whereby new problems are solved based on the solutions from similar cases solved in the past
case based reasoning
semistructured decision
changing employee benefits
is the aggregation of data from simple roll ups to complex groupings of interrelated information
consolidation
critical success factors examples
create high quality products, retain competitive advantage, reduce product costs
neural network
credit card company checking for fraud
crucial steps companies perform to achieve their goals and objectives and implement their strategies
critical success factors
____ facing processes result in a product or service received by an organization external customer
customer
primary type of MIS decision making systems
decision support system DSS
_____ learning is a process that employs specialized algorithms to model and study complex datasets; the method is also used to establish relationships among data and datsets
deep learning
problem identification
define the problem as clearly and precisely as possible
solution generation
detail every solution possible, including ideas that seem farfetched
3 steps to improve business processes
document as is process, establish measurements, follow process, measure performance, identify and implement improvements
what enables users to view details, and details of details of information
drill down
______ focuses on the extent to which a firm is using its resources in an optimal way, while effectiveness focuses on how well a firm is achieving its goals and objectives
efficiency
2 unstructured decisions
enter a new market, industry
intelligent systems
environmental scanning and competitive intelligence
solution test
evaluate solutions in terms of feasibility, can it be completed
BPMN _____ is anything that happens during the course of a business process
event
An _____ information system is a specialized DSS that supports senior level executives and unstructured, long term, non routine, decisions requiring judgement, evaluation, and insight
executive
______ systems are computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems
expert
3 purposes of a business process model
expose process detail gradually and in a controlled manner, encourage conciseness and accuracy in describing the process model, focus attention on the process model interfaces, provide a powerful process analysis and consistent design vocabulary
3 benefits an organization can identify by investigating business processes
find bottlenecks, remove redundant tasks, recognize smooth running processes
data collection
gather problem related data, including who, what, when where, why and how. be sure to gather facts, not rumors or opinions about the problem
_____ algorithm is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival of the fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem
genetic
______ seeking analysis finds the inputs necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level of output
goal seeking
______ refers to the level of detail in the model or the decision making process
granularity
what uses technology allowing humans to interact with a computer through bodily sensations and movements, for example a cell phone vibrating in your pocket
haptic interface
3 examples of features that may be included in a digital dashboard for a manufacturing team
hot list of key performance indicators, running line graph of planned versus actual production for the past 24 hours, table showing actual versus forecasted product prices and inventories, list of outstanding alerts and their resolution status, graph of stock market prices
an _____ agent is a special purpose knowledge based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users
intelligent
various commercial applications of artificial intelligence
intelligent systems
genetic algorithm
investment companies in trading decisions
_____ performance indicators are the quantifiable metrics a company uses to evaluate progress toward critical success factors
key
3 features of a neural network
learning and adjusting to new circumstances on their own, lending themselves to massive paralled processing, functioning without complete or well structured information, coping with huge volumes of information with many dependent variables, analyzing nonlinear relationships in information
3 characteristics of operational information
lower management, department managers, analysts, staff, internal functional, short term day to day operations, structured recurring repetitive,
what is the ability of a computer to see by digitizing an image, processing the data it contains and taking some kind of action
machine vision
_____ business processes are semidynamic, semiroutine, monthly business processes such as resource allocation, sales strategy, or manufacturing process improvements
managerial
at which level are employees continuously evaluating company operations to hone the firms abilities to identify adapt to and leverage change
managerial
types of decisions concern how the organization should achieve the goals and objectives set by strategy, and they are usually responsibility of mid level management
managerial decisions
3 primary decision making challenges facing managers today
managers need to analyze large amounts of information, managers must make decisions quickly, managers must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as Porter's strategies or forecasting, to make strategic decisions
a dynamic process is continuously changing and provides business solutions to ever changing business operations. As the business and its strategies change, so do the dynamic processes. Which of the following are examples of dynamic processes?
managing layoff's of employees, changing order levels based on currency rates, cancelling business travel due to extreme weather
what are measurements that evaluate results to determine whether a project is meeting its goals
metrics
a ____ is a simplified representation of abstraction of reality
model
what is the manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making
online analytical processing
_____ processes are static, routine, daily business processes such as stocking inventory, checking out customers, or daily opening and closing processes
operational
______ decisions affect how the firm is run from day to day; they are the domain of operations managers, who are the closest to the customer
operational
______ analysis finds the optimum value for a target variable by repeatedly changing other variables, subject to specified constraints
optimization
operations management
ordering inventory, creating production schedules, manufacturing goods