BISC 002 Chap 8

4) Chromatin consists of ______. A) DNA and protein B) RNA and protein C) protein only D) DNA only

A) DNA and protein

24) In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II? A) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells. B) During prophase I chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file in the middle of the cell. C) During prophase I the chromosomes coil up; the chromosomes are not coiled up during prophase II. D) In prophase I the sister chromatids are attached; in prophase II the sister chromatids are separated.

A) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.

13) Which of these events occurs during anaphase? A) Sister chromatids separate. B) Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. C) The nuclear envelope reappears. D) The nuclear envelope breaks up.

A) Sister chromatids separate.

23) Sexual intercourse in humans ______. A) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell B) produces a haploid individual C) produces an individual with 23 chromosomes D) combines two diploid gametes, producing a zygote

A) allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell

19) Homologous chromosomes ______. A) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics B) include only the autosomes C) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent D) carry the same versions of all genes

A) carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics

6) Sister chromatids are joined at the ______. A) centromere B) spindle C) centrosome D) centriole

A) centromere

30) One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ______. A) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not B) mitosis produces more daughter cells than meiosis C) mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells D) mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells

A) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

36) How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction? A) n + 1 or n - 1 B) 2n + 1 or 2n - 1 C) 2n - 1 only D) 2n + 1 or n - 1

A) n + 1 or n - 1

3) The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______. A) nucleus B) centriole C) Golgi apparatus D) nucleolus

A) nucleus

11) The correct sequence of stages of mitosis is ______. A) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase B) telophase, prophase, interphase, anaphase, metaphase C) anaphase, interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase D) interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

A) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

16) Cytokinesis typically begins during the ______ stage of mitosis. A) telophase B) prophase C) metaphase D) anaphase

A) telophase

14) During telophase ______. A) the events of prophase are reversed B) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell C) sister chromatids separate D) the nuclear envelope breaks up

A) the events of prophase are reversed

21) What chromosomes belong to a normal human female? A) 22 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes B) 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome D) 46 autosomes and two X chromosomes

B) 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes

7) Which of the following occurs during interphase? A) Chromatin becomes tightly coiled. B) Chromosome duplication occurs. C) Sister chromatids separate. D) The mitotic spindle forms.

B) Chromosome duplication occurs

25) How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II? A) one-quarter as much B) four times as much C) one-half as much D) twice as much

B) four times as much

26) During metaphase I, ______. A) crossing over occurs B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell C) the nuclear envelope breaks up D) sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles

B) homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

10) Which of the following is a stage of mitosis? A) cytokinesis B) telophase C) interphase D) DNA synthesis

B) telophase

33) For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible. A) 4 B) 8 C) 16 D) 20

C) 16

37) How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have? A) 2n + 1 B) n + 1 C) 2n - 1 D) n - 1

C) 2n - 1

20) What chromosomes belong to a normal human male? A) 22 autosomes and two Y chromosomes B) 44 autosomes and two Y chromosomes C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome D) 46 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

C) 44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome

17) What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor? A) Benign tumors are composed of cancer cells; malignant tumors are not. B) Benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control system; malignant tumors are. C) Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do. D) Benign tumors do not form lumps; malignant tumors do form lumps.

C) Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do.

38) Sexual reproduction appears to be absent in bdelloid rotifers. Which of these, if found in this group, would bring into question the idea that they reproduce ONLY asexually? A) female rotifers with eggs B) significant differences of two different alleles among different populations (one population having mostly allele A and one having mostly a). C) cells in which meiosis occurs D) related groups (not bdelloid rotifers) which reproduce both sexually and asexually.

C) Cells in which meiosis occurs

32) Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? A) Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father. B) Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles. C) Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles. D) All of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell, and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole.

C) Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.

1) A(n) ______ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually. A) cat B) human C) Komodo dragon D) mouse

C) Komodo dragon

18) Which of the following will help prevent cancer and increase survival? A) Eat a low-fiber, low-fat diet. B) Limit exercise. C) Seek early detection of tumors. D) Smoke only cigarettes.

C) Seek early detection of tumors.

2) Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT A) growth of a multicellular organism. B) cell replacement. C) production of sperm and eggs. D) asexual reproduction.

C) production of sperm and eggs

39) Which of these describes the type of reproduction that is most adaptive in a rapidly changing environment with many different parasitic diseases present? A) asexual reproduction because the currently successful genotypes can reproduce quickly B) asexual reproduction, because asexual reproduction uses less energy, which leaves more for each individual to adapt to the changing environment C) sexual reproduction because the diversity of genotypes increases the likelihood that there is one which can survive in a new environment D) sexual reproduction because this type of reproduction allows the production of a greater number of offspring thus providing more individuals to take advantage of any environmental challenges presented

C) sexual reproduction because the diversity of genotypes increases the likelihood that there is one which can survive in a new environment

8) The cell cycle results in the production of ______. A) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information B) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information C) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information D) four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information

C) two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information

27) Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ______ cell(s). A) four haploid B) two diploid C) two haploid D) one diploid

C) two haploid

28) Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does not occur in prophase II? A) Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell. B) Spindle formation occurs. C) Chromosomes have been duplicated. D) Crossing over occurs.

D) Crossing over occurs.

9) Which of the following occurs during prophase? A) Chromosomes line up on the midline of the cell. B) The nuclear envelope forms. C) Sister chromatids separate. D) The mitotic spindle begins to form.

D) The mitotic spindle begins to form.

22) Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called ______. A) homologous chromosomes B) nonhomologous chromosomes C) sex chromosomes D) autosomes

D) autosomes

12) During metaphase ______. A) the nuclear envelope breaks up B) sister chromatids separate C) centromeres divide D) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

D) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

35) A karyotype (a chromosome display) would be unable to determine ______. A) sex B) Down syndrome C) Turner syndrome D) eye color

D) eye color

34) Crossing over during prophase I results in ______. A) nondisjunction B) reciprocal translocation C) duplication D) genetic recombination

D) genetic recombination

15) A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ______. A) have less genetic material than it started with B) not have completed anaphase C) have its chromosomes lined up in the middle of the cell D) have two nuclei

D) have two nuclei

5) A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______. A) centromeres B) centrosomes C) genomes D) sister chromatids

D) sister chromatids

29) Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ______ and in mitotic anaphase ______. A) the cells are diploid... the cells are haploid B) chromosomes line up double file in the middle of the cell... chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell C) crossing over occurs... crossing over does not occur D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate

D) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells are diploid and sister chromatids separate

31) Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Which is it? A) the events of meiosis I B) crossing over C) independent assortment D) the events of meiosis II

D) the events of meiosis II