Brunner and Suddharth Med Surg Chapter 42 Study Guide Questions Part 2

What type of fracture is the bone splintered into several fragments? A. Avulsion B. Comminuted C. Complete D. Epiphyseal E. Greenstick

B. Comminuted

What type of fracture occurs through an area of diseased bone? A. Compressed B. Depressed C. Oblique D. Open E. Pathologic

E. Pathologic

A patient had an above-the-knee amputation of the left leg related to complications from peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The nurse enters the patient's room and observes the dressings and bed covers saturated with blood. What is the first action by the nurse? A. Notify the provider. B. Apply a tourniquet C. Use skin clips to close the wound D. Reinforce the dress

B. Apply Tourniquet

A patient has stepped in a hole in the yard, causing an ankle injury. The ankle is edematous and painful to palpation. How long should the nurse inform the patient that the acute inflammatory stage will last? A. Less than 24 hours B. Between 24-48 hours C. About 72 hours D. At least one week

B. Between 24-48 hours

What type of fracture are the fragments driven inward? A. Compressed B. Depressed C. Oblique D. Open E. Pathologic

B. Depressed

While riding a bicycle on a narrow road, the patient was hit from behind and thrown into a ditch, sustaining a pelvic fracture. What complications does the nurse monitor for that are common to pelvic fractures? A. Paresthesia and ischemia B. Hemorrhage and shock C. Paralytic ileus and a lacerate urethra D. Thrombophlebitis and infection

B. Hemorrhage and shock

The nurse is monitoring a patient who sustained an open fracture of the left hip. What type of shock should the nurse recognize can occur with this type of injury? A. Cardiogenic B. Hypovolemic C. Neurogenic D. Septicemic

B. Hypovolemic

What type of fracture is a break that occurs across the entire section of the bone? A. Avulsion B. Comminuted C. Complete D. Epiphyseal E. Greenstick

C. Complete

A patient sustains an open fracture with extensive soft tissue damage. The nurse determines that this fracture would be classified as what grade? A. I B. II C. III D. IV

C. III

What type of fracture is the fractured bone compressed by another? A. Compressed B. Depressed C. Oblique D. Open E. Pathologic

A. Compressed

A patient sustains an open fracture of the left arm after an accident at the roller skating rink. What does emergency management of this fracture involve? (Select all that apply) A. Cover the area with a clean dressing if the fracture is open. B. Immobilize the affected site C. Splint the injured limb D. Have the patient demonstrate mobility of the arm E. Wrap the arm in a compression bandage

A. Cover the area with a clean dressing if the fracture is open. B. Immobilize the affected site C. Splint the injured limb

A nurse is caring for a patient who has had an amputation. What interventions can the nurse provide to foster a positive self-image? (select all that apply) A. Encouraging the patient to care for the residual limb. B. Allowing self-expression of grief C. Encouraging the patient to have family and friends view the residual limb to decrease self-consciousness D. Encouraging family and friends to refrain from visiting temporarily because this may increase the patient's embarrassment. E. Introducing the patient to local amputee support groups.

A. Encouraging the patient to care for the residual limb. B. Allowing self-expression of grief E. Introducing the patient to local amputee support groups.

The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained an open fracture of the right femur in an automobile crash. What does the nurse recognize is the most serious complication of an open fracture? A. Infection B. Muscle atrophy caused by loss of supporting bone structure C. Necrosis of adjacent soft tissue caused by blood loss D. Nerve damage

A. Infection

A patient is climbing a ladder, slipped on a rung, and fell on the right side of chest. X-Ray studies reveal 3 rib fractures and the patient reports pain with inspiration. What is the anticipated treatment for this patient? A. Chest strapping B. Mechanical Ventilation C. Coughing and deep breathing with pillow splinting D. Thoracentesis

C. Coughing and deep breathing with pillow splinting

What type of fracture occurs at an angle across the bone? A. Compressed B. Depressed C. Oblique D. Open E. Pathologic

C. Oblique

The nurse is caring for a patient after arthroscopic surgery for a rotator cuff tear. The nurse informs the patient that full activity can usually resume after what period of time? A. 3-4 weeks B. 8 weeks C. 3-4 months D. 6-12 months

D. 6-12 months

What type of fracture is one that occurs through the epiphysis? A. Avulsion B. Comminuted C. Complete D. Epiphyseal E. Greenstick

D. Epiphyseal

A patient sustained an open fracture of the femur 24 hours ago. While assessing the patient, the nurse observes the patient is having difficulty breathing, and O2 saturation decreases to 88% from a previous 99%. What does the nurse determine is likely occurring with this patient? A. Spontaneous pneumothorax B. Cardiac tamponade C. Pneumonia D. Fat emboli

D. Fat emboli

What type of fracture does the fracture extend through the skin? A. Compressed B. Depressed C. Oblique D. Open E. Pathologic

D. Open

A patient has suffered a femoral shaft fracture in an industrial accident. What is an immediate concern for this patient? A. Hypovolemic shock B. Infection C. Knee and hip dislocation D. Pain resulting from muscle spasm

A. Hypovolemic shock

A patient sustains a fracture of the arm. When does the nurse anticipate pendulum exercise should begin? A. As soon as tolerated, after a reasonable period of immobilization. B. In 2-3 weeks, when callus ossification prevents easy movements of bony fragments. C. in about 4-5 weeks, after new bone is well established. D. In 2-3 months, after normal activities are resumed.

A. As soon as tolerated, after a reasonable period of immobilization.

What type of fracture has a fragment of the bone pulled off by a ligament or a tendon? A. Avulsion B. Comminuted C. Complete D. Epiphyseal E. Greenstick

A. Avulsion

The nurse is caring for a patient with a pelvic fracture. What nursing assessment for a pelvic fracture should be included? (Select all that apply) A. Checking the urine for hematuria B. Palpating peripheral pulses C. Testing the stool for occult blood. D. Assessing level of consciousness E. Assessing pupillary response.

A. Checking the urine for hematuria B. Palpating peripheral pulses C. Testing the stool for occult blood.

A patient falls while skiing and sustains a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. What serious complication of this injury should the nurse monitor for? A. Hemarthrosis B. Paresthesia C. Malunion D. Volkmann's ischemic contracture

D. Volkmann's ischemic contracture

What type of fracture is one side of the bone broken and the other side is bent? A. Avulsion B. Comminuted C. Complete D. Epiphyseal E. Greenstick

E. Greenstick