BSC 116 CH 38 DSM

a microspore undergoes mitosis and cytokinesis

A generative cell and a tube cell originate when __________.

an ovary; an ovule

A pea pod is formed from __________. The pea inside the pod is formed from __________.

bees

A plant that has flowers that are brightly colored would likely be pollinated by ________.

one sperm is needed to fertilize the egg, and a second sperm is needed to fertilize the polar nuclei

Double fertilization means that __________.

They have self-incompatibility and reject their own pollen.

How do most flowering plants avoid self-fertilization?

fragmentation

In a potato, the "eyes" are vegetative buds. These buds can develop into an entirely new plant. This is an example of _________.

Asexual reproduction, because it ensures that the genes that have proven to adapt the plant well to the environment will be passed on to the next generation

In an environment that is very stable, with reliable moisture and temperature, what type of reproduction would be most advantageous for a plant and why?

the gametes are produced by the gametophyte through mitosis and cellular differentiation

In the alternation of generations in plants, __________.

anther; stigma

In the process of pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the __________ to the __________.

anthers; pollen

The male structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.

A gene that causes the plants to produce a chemical that becomes toxic within insect guts.

What does the "Bt" in Bt maize refer to?

They allow farmers to "weed" with herbicides, cutting down on soil tillage and erosion.

What is a major advantage of herbicide-resistant crops?

S-genes are involved in self-recognition and prevent self-fertilization in plants.

What is the function of S-genes in plants?

The gametes of the individual plant would self-fertilize.

What might be the effect of a mutation that deactivates an S-gene in a plant in which gametic incompatibility typically occurs?

All of the listed responses are correct.

Which of the following characteristics correctly identify/ies general trends in the evolution of flowers? - All of the listed responses are correct. - Ovaries located inside receptacles - Reduction in the number of floral parts - Fusion of floral parts - Bilateral symmetry

A multiple fruit develops from the many carpels of the many flowers that form an inflorescence.

Which of the following statements correctly describes a multiple fruit? - A multiple fruit develops from the many carpels of the many flowers that form an inflorescence. - A multiple fruit develops from the ovule. - A multiple fruit develops from tissues other than the ovary. - A multiple fruit develops from many separate carpels on one flower. - A multiple fruit develops from a single carpel.

The seedlings might not develop after germination due to a lack of nutrients.

Suppose a mutation in which the endosperm does not develop occurs in a plant. What might be the effect on the development of the seeds or seedlings of that plant?

both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit

The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of a flower with many separate carpels. Therefore, a strawberry is __________.

carpels; ovules

The female structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.

A megasporangium is found in the ovary of a flower, and a microsporangium is found in the anther of a flower.

Which of the following statements correctly describes one difference between a megasporangium and a microsporangium? - A megasporangium is found in the ovary of a flower, and a microsporangium is found in the anther of a flower. - All of the listed responses are correct. - Four megaspores develop from the cells in a megasporangium, but only one cell develops from the cells in a microsporangium. - A microsporangium develops into an egg, and a megasporangium develops into a pollen grain. - A megasporangium becomes part of the male gametophyte, and a microsporangium becomes part of the female gametophyte.

Complete flowers contain all four basic floral organs: stamen, carpel, petal, and sepal.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure of a complete flower? - Complete flowers contain all four basic floral organs: stamen, carpel, petal, and sepal. - None of the listed responses is correct. - Some complete flowers are unisexual. - Some complete flowers are sterile. - Complete flowers lack at least one of the four basic floral organs.

All of the listed responses are correct

Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding seed dormancy? - All of the listed responses are correct. - Some seeds require light to break dormancy. - Some seeds require high temperatures to break dormancy. - Some seeds require large amounts of rainfall to break dormancy. - Seeds of many plants remain dormant until a specific environmental cue breaks dormancy.

Many species of flowering plants evolved without specific pollinators.

Which of the following statements regarding pollination are incorrect? - Many species of flowering plants evolved without specific pollinators. - Fly-pollinated flowers usually smell like rotten meat in order to attract flies. - About 65% of all flowering plants require insects for pollination. - Approximately 80% of all angiosperm pollination is biotic. - Many species of flowering plants evolved with specific pollinators.

Ovaries

Which of the following structures contain(s) and protect(s) the seeds in an angiosperm plant? - Ovaries - Stigma - Style - Pistil - Anthers

The fruit

Which of the following structures develops from the ovary after fertilization? - The fruit - The gametophyte - An egg - Pollen - The seed

The seed

Which of the following structures develops from the ovule after fertilization? - The seed - The gametophyte - An egg - Pollen - The fruit

Stamen

Which of the following structures is not part of a seed? - Stamen - Radicle - Endosperm - Hypocotyl - Epicotyl - Embryo

Epicotyl

Which portion of an embryonic plant consists of the shoot tip with a pair of miniature leaves?

Protoplasts can be screened for mutations that may improve the agricultural value of the plant.

Which statement below accurately describes protoplast fusion? - Protoplasts can be screened for mutations that may improve the agricultural value of the plant. - All of the listed responses are correct. - Researchers can couple protoplast fusion with grafting techniques to invent new plant varieties. - Protoplasts are plant cells with their nuclei removed by fungal enzyme treatments. - It is not possible to fuse two protoplasts from different plant species that are not reproductively compatible.

Imbibition of water causes the seed coat to swell and allows the cells of the embryo to rehydrate.

Why do seeds need water to germinate?