CARLA 18

A cation that is essential for muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting is

calcium

If you were in a a desert without water, which nutrient would you like to have stored in your body in a large amount

Fat

The vitamin that is required for proper bone growth and for calcium absorption and retention is

Vitamin D

The vitamin that is essential for the production of several clotting factors is

Vitamin K

during glycolysis

a molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid

Lipogenesis generally begins with

acetyl Co-A

the nutrients that yield the most energy per gram when metabolized are

fats

The TCA cycle

begins with the formation of a molecule of citric acid

A mineral that is a component of hemoglobin

iron

Factors that influence an individual's BMR (basal metabolic rate) include

- Sex - Age - Body weight - Genetics

An ion that is necessary component of high-energy compounds and nucleic acids, and a structural component of bone is

phosphate ions

Lipids

release more energy than an equivalent amount of glucose

A balanced diet should

-include adequate substrates for the production of energy -provide essential amino acids -provide essential fatty acids -contain adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals

In the process of cellular respiration, each molecule of glucose that is metabolized releases enough energy to form ________ molecules of ATP

36

The largest metabolic reserves for the average adult are stored as

triglycerides

During lipolysis,

triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids

In glycolysis, each molecule of glucose metabolized releases enough energy to form _______

2

Urea is formed in the

liver

The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given instant is called

metabolism

the vitamin that is required for the synthesis of visual pigments is

vitamin A