CARLA 18
A cation that is essential for muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting is
calcium
If you were in a a desert without water, which nutrient would you like to have stored in your body in a large amount
Fat
The vitamin that is required for proper bone growth and for calcium absorption and retention is
Vitamin D
The vitamin that is essential for the production of several clotting factors is
Vitamin K
during glycolysis
a molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid
Lipogenesis generally begins with
acetyl Co-A
the nutrients that yield the most energy per gram when metabolized are
fats
The TCA cycle
begins with the formation of a molecule of citric acid
A mineral that is a component of hemoglobin
iron
Factors that influence an individual's BMR (basal metabolic rate) include
- Sex - Age - Body weight - Genetics
An ion that is necessary component of high-energy compounds and nucleic acids, and a structural component of bone is
phosphate ions
Lipids
release more energy than an equivalent amount of glucose
A balanced diet should
-include adequate substrates for the production of energy -provide essential amino acids -provide essential fatty acids -contain adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals
In the process of cellular respiration, each molecule of glucose that is metabolized releases enough energy to form ________ molecules of ATP
36
The largest metabolic reserves for the average adult are stored as
triglycerides
During lipolysis,
triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids
In glycolysis, each molecule of glucose metabolized releases enough energy to form _______
2
Urea is formed in the
liver
The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given instant is called
metabolism
the vitamin that is required for the synthesis of visual pigments is
vitamin A