CAS 312- Chapter 7

By age 10, the brain is what percent of its adult size? 50 percent 75 percent 95 percent 100 percent

95 percent

Parker will never forget the moment he saw his bride walking down the church aisle ten years ago because retrieval is easier for some memories, especially memories of: vivid and highly emotional experiences. control processes. dull, repetitive experiences. metacognition.

vivid and highly emotional experiences.

At _____ years of age, children realize they need to remember some things, and they try to do so, usually via rehearsal (repeating an item again and again). This is not the most efficient strategy, but repetition can lead to automatization.

5 to 7

In the United States, rates of childhood asthma are HIGHEST among _____ Americans and LOWEST among _____ Americans. African; European African; Asian Asian; African European; Asian

African; Asian

_____ is defined as having a BMI above the 95th percentile of children the same age. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Normal weight Childhood obesity Childhood overweight Childhood underweight

Childhood obesity

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the brain's increase in size during middle childhood? Increase in the number of neurons Increase in the number of dendrites More room in the growing skull Decrease in myelination that allows room for more growth

Increase in the number of dendrites

What causes remodeling, or pruning, during middle childhood? How is this process different in each individual child?

Maturation in the form of synaptic pruning, or remodeling, is a spontaneous process. In addition, the brain develops in large part due to the unique experience of each child because synapses that are used more frequently tend to be retained, and those that are not are lost.

____ memory retains an impression of a stimulus on a sensory organ and stores incoming stimulus information for a split second to allow it to be processed. Sensory Working Short-term Long-term

Sensory

_____ is crucial for using (not merely memorizing) the alphabet or for understanding number sequence. Seriation Classification Egocentrism Conservation

Seriation

T or F? During middle childhood, the brain adds myelin to the connecting fibers of neurons, and synaptic connections are pruned.

True

More so than younger children, children ages 6 to 11: are better at making plans. have longer attention spans. do not get frustrated as easily. all of the above

all of the above

Bryant was diagnosed with _____ because he has shortness of breath, chest tightness, wheezing, and coughing.

asthma

An experimenter shows 7-year-old Aaron four stuffed bears and two stuffed cats. The experimenter asks, "Are there more bears or more animals?" Aaron exclaims, "Bears!" Aaron has not mastered the logical concept of: seriation. classification. conservation. egocentrism.

classification.

Carly is given grapes and strawberries. When asked if she has more grapes or fruit, she responds, "I have more fruit." Carly is using the logical concept of: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. classification. identity. seriation. reversibility.

classification.

Older children in Piaget's concrete operational stage can generate correct solutions to balance scale problems because they understand the interaction of weight and distance in this task. true false

false

All of following contribute to a child's ability to increase his or her speed of thinking EXCEPT: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. myelination of neural axons. repetition. automatization. growth of new structures in the brain.

growth of new structures in the brain.

According to the textbook, one of the benefits of physical activity is: improved problem-solving skills. altered hormone levels. competition. time and effort directed away from school.

improved problem-solving skills.

Children in elementary school are progressing through a specific developmental period known as: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. middle childhood. early adolescence. early childhood. childhood.

middle childhood.

Erika is in elementary school. She is in the developmental period known as: .

middle childhood.

Maggie is 9 years old and considered _____ because her BMI is above the 85th percentile for children in her age range.

overweight

The textbook describes a study of reading ability in third- and fifth-grade children (Crosnoe et al., 2010). The researchers found that: reading ability was influenced more by SES than by cognitive stimulation. reading ability was influenced at least as much by cognitive stimulation as by SES. neither SES nor cognitive stimulation had a significant effect on reading ability. cognitive stimulation benefited only high-SES children.

reading ability was influenced at least as much by cognitive stimulation as by SES.

Ten-year-old Tommy finds that he can hit a baseball much better than when he was younger. This is partly because of Tommy's: reduced reaction time. stimuli reduction attention. emergent reactionary time. multifinality.

reduced reaction time.

Franz, who is 5 years old, can count to 100, but he cannot correctly estimate where 22 is placed on a number line that starts at 0 and ends at 100. This means that Franz is having problems with: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. seriation. reversibility. identity. conservation.

seriation.

Adolescents in Piaget's formal operational stage can solve balance scale problems easily. true false

true

Young children under age six in Piaget's preoperational stage typically do not understand how a balance scale works. true false

true