CC Speech Chapter 8

expert testimony

testimony from people who are recognized experts in their field

extended example

a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point

mean

average

Paraphrase

to restate in your own words

Median

Middle number

Testimony

Quotations or paraphrases used to support a point

peer testimony

testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic

direct quotation

testimony that is presented word for word

Statistics

numerical data

What is testimony?

quotations or paraphrases used to support a point

quoting out of context

quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it

Mode

The value that occurs most frequently in a given data set.

brief example

a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point

hypothetical example

an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation

What three questions should you ask to judge the reliability of statistics?

1) Are they Representative? 2) Are the measures used correctly? 3) Are they from a reliable source?

What are the three kinds of examples discussed in this chapter? How might you use each kind to support your ideas?

1) Brief example - illustrate a point to create a desired response 2) extended example - dramatic stories pull listeners into speech 3) Hypothetical example - effective because you can relate it to your audience and use stats at end to make it reliable

What are four tips for using testimony in your speeches?

1) Quote or paraphrase accurately. 2) Use Testimony from qualified sources. 3) Use testimony from unbiased sources. 4) Identify the people you quote or paraphrase.

What are the five tips for using examples in your speeches?

1) Use examples to clarify your ideas. 2) Use examples to reinforce your ideas. 3) Use examples to personalize ideas. 4) Make your examples vivid and richly textured. 5) Practice delivery to enhance your extended examples

What are SIX tips for using statistics in your speeches?

1). Use statistics to quantify your ideas. 2) Use statistics sparingly. 3) Identify the source of your statistics. 4) Explain your statistics. 5) Round off complicated statistics. 6) Use visual aids to clarify statistical data

Why is it easy to lie with statistics?

Can be manipulated and distorted easily to fit your opinion

Explain the difference between expert testimony and peer testimony

EXPERT - Testimony from people who are recognized as experts in their fields. PEER - Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic

What four pieces of information are needed to provide when making oral source citations in a speech?

Name of document Author, sponsoring organization Qualifications Date

Supporting materials

The materials used to support a speaker's ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.

Why do you need supporting materials in your speeches?

To bolster the speaker's point of view. because generalizations don't answer the three questions listeners always ask of a speaker: "What do you mean? "Why should I believe You?" "So what?"

example

a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like