CCE Chapter 18

6 months

"Baby" teeth begin to appear at about _______________.

bolus

A _________ is a wad of mashed food substances mixed with saliva.

fissure

A __________ is a crack or tear in the lining of the anus.

​proctoscope

A three-inch long instrument ​used to examine the lower rectum and anal canal.

peptic

Also referred to a gastric (stomach) ulcer.

hepatitis

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, liver enlargement and tenderness.

colostomy

Artificial opening of the colon, allowing fecal material to be excreted from the body through the abdominal wall. Ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid are four types of____ sites.

toxemia

Blood poisoning that can be caused by a perforation of the colon resulting from severe colitis

2/3

Carbohydrates provide about _____ of the energy calories needed each day.

cirrhosis

Chronic disease of the liver causes destruction of the liver cells.

CT scan

Computerized axial tomography study.

diarrhea

Condition of repeated passage of unformed fecal wastes.

truss

Device that exerts pressure directly over a herniated opening, to hold the protruding mass inside the cavity.

hemorrhoid

Dilated vein in the mucosa of the folds of the anal canal or lower portion of the rectum. Proctoscopy will permit viewing of _________________.

esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Examination of the stomach is called ___________.

rugae

Folds found in the inner lining of the stomach.

Respiratory

GERD

cholelithiasis

Gallstones.

remove foreign objects, view a growth for biopsy, obtain cells for study

Gastroscopy makes it possible to __________.

endocrine gland

Gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream.

3 to 5 hours

How long does it take the partially digested food to change into a semi-liquid state?

10 inches

How long is the stomach?

3

How many layers of muscle does the stomach have?

lacteal

Intestinal lymphatic capillary.

spastic colon

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is also called ________.

small intestine

Paralytic ileus usually occurs in the __________.

hernia

Protrusion of an internal organ through a natural opening in the body wall.

vitamins

Regulating chemicals needed for growth and control of body activities.

cathartic

Strong laxative.

canines

The _____ or cuspids are pointed to puncture and tear.

cystic and hepatic ducts

The _____________ secrete into the common bile duct.

36 hours

The digestive process takes about ____________ from the mouth to the anus.

GI tract or system

The digestive system is also known as the _______________.

2

The esophagus has ___ layers of involuntary muscles.

peristalic

The esophagus performs ___________ action.

duodenum

The first of three sections of the colon; a C-shaped segment about nine inches long.

sigmoid colon

The following are all sections of the colon: cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and _____________.

5

The large intestine (colon) is about ___ feet long and 2 inches in diameter.

bile

The liver produce a yellow-greenish substance called _________.

chyme

The partially digested food in the stomach is changed into a semiliquid state called ____________.

diverticulosis

The presence of bulging pouches in the wall of the GI tract where the lining has pushed into the surrounding muscle.

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

The small intestine is divided into three sections _________________.

J-shaped organ

The stomach is a 10-inch-long, _______________ constructed of the three layers of strong muscle tissue.

cardiac sphincter

The upper opening to the stomach is controlled by a circular muscle called the _____________. The muscle that controls the opening of the esophagus is called the ____________.

3 pairs

There are ________ of salivary glands.

proteins

These are obtained primarily from plant and animal sources, but are not stored by the body.

Carbohydrates

These supply about two-thirds of the energy calories needed each day. ______are digested first?

laparoscope

Tiny telescope instrument inserted into the abdomen during gallbladder surgery.

sigmoidoscopy

Used to perform an examination to view the lower portion of the sigmoid and rectum through a 10- to 12-inch sigmoidoscope.

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

What are the main organs of the digestive system?

x-ray of the gallbladder

What is a cholecystography?

benign tumor with a pedicle

What is a polyp?

it is possible to obtain tissue samples through the scope

When a colonoscopy is performed ________.

cecum

When material leaves the ileum, it enters a small pouch-like segment of the colon called the _________.

constipation

Which is not a symptom of gastroenteritis? Condition of sluggish bowel action.

ascending colon

Which of the following sections joins the cecum at the level of the ileocecal valve?

Digestive

both GERD and hepatitis

Circulatory

hepatitis

esophagus

​Has two layers of involuntary muscles; the inner layer forms circles around it, whereas the outer layer runs longitudinally along its approximately 10-inch length before the cardiac sphincter.

jaundice

​The bile is absorbed into the bloodstream, producing the yellow discoloration of the sclera, mucosa, and skin.