Cell Organelles

Cell Theory

1. Cells are the smallest units of life 2. All living organisms are made up of cells 3. All cells come from existing cells.

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

An electron microscope used to study the fine details of cell surfaces by transmitting a beam of electrons

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

An electron microscope used to study the internal structure of thin sections of cells by transmitting a beam of electrons

Lysosome

Destroys all the bad bacteria or material. Like the suicide sack. Contains Digestive enzymes. More common in animal cells. More Rare in plant cells.

Van Leeuwenhoek

First to see organisms under a microscope

Cytoplasm

Fluid that fills the shape of the cell and contains all the organelles. in both cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Has ribosomes attached, which gives it it's rough look. It performs the protein synthesis. In both cells

Pores

Holes in the nuclear membrane. They're like gates. In both cells.

Nucleus

It stores DNA. It's like the main office or command center. It tells are the organelles what to do. In both.

Hooke

Named empty cork chambers cells

Centrioles

Organelles that assist in cell division. In both cells

Nuclear Envelope

Outside layer of a nucleus. Has nuclear pores in it. Allows materials to move into and out of the nucleus. In both cells

Cell Wall

Outside layer of a plant cell that protects it from damage, bacteria, etc... It's different because it stays stiff and it holds the shape of a cell together. Found outside the cell membrane, make mostly of cellulose.

Golgi Apparatus

Packages energy and prepares to move it to a different cell, or organelle. A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell. In both

Vacuoles

Purely storage based. Stores energy for the cell. Plant cell vacuoles are much bigger due to water. In both cells.

Nucleolus

Stores loose DNA in the cell. Sphere in the middle of the nucleus. In both cells.

Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow

The three German scientists who created cell theory

Ribosomes

They create the protein. The factory of the cell. The can be attached to the ER, or just floating in the cytoplasm. They are very small. In both Cells

Chloroplast

They help with photosynthesis. They take in sun light and convert it into energy the cell can use. Only in plant cells.

Mitochondrion

They use the energy. They are like the powerplant. Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use. In both plant cells and animal cells.

Compound Microscope

Transmits a beam of light through lenses to your eyes. A light microscope that has more than one lens