cells

Which structure is found in plant cells and animal cells?

A cytoskeleton

If we used a light microscope to examine an active cell, involved in extensive protein production, we would expect that chromosomes would appear as ____.

A diffuse mass

Which of the following correctly compares the ECM of animal cell walls of plant cells?

Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbs

What is the simplest collection of matter than can live?

Cell

What is true about chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Compartmentalization of the cytoplasm by membrane-bounded organelles only occurs in eukaryotic cells.

What is true about the cytoskeleton?

Components of the cytoskeleton are often involved with movement of organelles within the cytoplasm

Which one of the following organelles in unlikely to show enhanced abundance in the pancreatic cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes?

Free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Which of the following sequences represents the order in which a protein made in the rough ER might move through the endomembrane system?

Golgi apparatus, vacuole

A researcher wants to film the movements of chromosomes during cell division. What type of microscope should he choose and why?

Light microscope because the specimen is alive.

Basal bodies?

Made up of components of the cytoskeleton

What type of cell is mostly likely to have the most mitochondria?

Muscle cells in the legs of a runner

The average wavelength of visible light is about 550 nanometers (.5 micrometeres). What cellular structure is unlikely to be resolved with a light microscope?

Nuclear pore complexes (100 nanometers in diameter) on the nuclear membrane.

Peroxisomes?

Peroxisomes are composed of a single bilayer membrane.

Of the following organelles associated with the endomembrane system, which group is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell?

Ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

Ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane?

Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores.

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body b/c?

The intestinal cells are bounded together by tight junctions

A certain cell has ribosomes and DNA, and it is surrounded by a membrane. but there are no mitochondria present. Based on this info this cell is most likely....

a bacterium

Consider two cells with the same volume but very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to _____.

be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which one of the following cell components?

cilia

Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures within a cell?

cytoskeleton

Consider a protein that is made in the rough ER. You observe that when the synthesis of the protein is completed, the protein is located in the ER membrane. Where else in the cell might this protein be found?

embedded in the plasma membrane functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell

What is most likely to be involved in the process of producing proteins for a chloroplast or mitochondrion, neither of which is part of the endomembrane system?

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough ER and eventually used to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the ___

golgi apparatus

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they ____.

have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of evidence that supports this hypothesis is that these organelles contain prokaryotic-like ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most similar to ribosomes found ___

in bacterial cells

A protein that ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized

in the rough ER

The walls of plant cells are largely composed of polysaccharides and proteins that are synthesized...

in the rough ER and golgi apparatus

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the RER?

manufacturing

What organelle lacks a memrane?

microfilaments

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with...

motor proteins

The observation that chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain their own DNA and synthesize some of the proteins that function in these organelles suggest that chloroplasts and mitochondria

must divide each time the cell containing them divides

A plant was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides, the molecule from which DNA is built. Later examination of dividing cells in the plant showed the majority of the radioactivity to be concentrated in the ____.

nucelus

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through

plasmodesmata

Cell fractionation_____.

results in the disruption of the cells and their organelles.

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to

secrete a lot of protein

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through...

the plasma membrane

Mitochondria

they are involved in energy metabolism and, the site of cellular respiration, the production of ATP