Ch 1 Drug Definitions, Standards, & Information Sources

Sources for drug information

(USP) The United States Pharmacopeia (NF) National Formulary

Pharmacology deals with the study of ___________ and their ______________ or ____________

- drugs - actions - effects

Can a nurse have a controlled substance in their possession?

No

Describe the process involved in developing and marketing new medications

- preclinical research phase - Phase 1: determines the drugs pharmaceutical properties -Phase 2: Studies various doasages -Phase 3: Provides additional info about proper dosing and safety

Schedule I

- very high potential for abuse - example - heroin

Types of sources you can find using electronic databases

-DailyMed -Lexi-Comp

Brand or trademark name is registered by

-manufacturer - capitalized

What are two sources for prescription and nonprescription drugs?

-package inserts - nursing journals

How many years may it take for a drug to be brought to market?

8 to 15

Schedule II

- high potential for abuse - requires new prescription; no refills - example- Vicodin, Ritalin

Schedule III

- high potential for abuse but less than drugs in Schedules I and II - example- Tylenol with codeine

Generic names

- important to know because formularies use them -not capitalized

Schedule IV

- low potential for abuse - example- phenobarbital, diazepam

Schedule V

- low potential for abuse - examples- Robitussin

What drug schedule is the highest risk for abuse?

Schedule I

Which entity is responsible for monitoring drug safety in the United States?

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Which source of information is best for the nurse to obtain drug information?

United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and National Formulary (NF)

What falls under body system classification?

cardiovascular gastrointestinal, etc.

The chemical name is the most meaningful to the

chemist

prescription classification means

it requires an order by a health professional licensed to prescribe drugs

Parallel-tracking is used for patients with

life-threatening illnesses who cannot participate in controlled trials -there is no other alternative

illegal or recreational drugs are

used for nontherapeutic purposes

Are therapeutic methods often used in combination?

yes

Who must manufacturers, prescribers, and dispensers register with?

DEA

What falls under therapeutic use or clinical indications?

antacids antibiotics, etc.

What are the six drug classifications?

1- Body System 2- Therapeutic use or clinical indications 3- Physiologic or chemical action 4- Prescription 5- Nonprescription 6- illegal or recreational drugs

What are the four ways we name drugs?

1- chemical name 2-generic name 3-official name 4- brand or trademark

What are the five therapeutic methods to treating illnesses?

1- diet therapy 2- drug therapy 3-physiotherapy 4- psychotherapy

Official name is listed by

FDA

what falls under physiologic or chemical action?

anticholinergics calcium channel blockers

Nonprescription are

drugs sold over-the-counter

Fast-tracking is to

expedite drug development and approval for life-threatening illnesses

Which name(s) of a drug should the nurse use when teaching a patient with a new prescription?

generic and trade