Ch 1 Drug Definitions, Standards, & Information Sources
Sources for drug information
(USP) The United States Pharmacopeia (NF) National Formulary
Pharmacology deals with the study of ___________ and their ______________ or ____________
- drugs - actions - effects
Can a nurse have a controlled substance in their possession?
No
Describe the process involved in developing and marketing new medications
- preclinical research phase - Phase 1: determines the drugs pharmaceutical properties -Phase 2: Studies various doasages -Phase 3: Provides additional info about proper dosing and safety
Schedule I
- very high potential for abuse - example - heroin
Types of sources you can find using electronic databases
-DailyMed -Lexi-Comp
Brand or trademark name is registered by
-manufacturer - capitalized
What are two sources for prescription and nonprescription drugs?
-package inserts - nursing journals
How many years may it take for a drug to be brought to market?
8 to 15
Schedule II
- high potential for abuse - requires new prescription; no refills - example- Vicodin, Ritalin
Schedule III
- high potential for abuse but less than drugs in Schedules I and II - example- Tylenol with codeine
Generic names
- important to know because formularies use them -not capitalized
Schedule IV
- low potential for abuse - example- phenobarbital, diazepam
Schedule V
- low potential for abuse - examples- Robitussin
What drug schedule is the highest risk for abuse?
Schedule I
Which entity is responsible for monitoring drug safety in the United States?
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Which source of information is best for the nurse to obtain drug information?
United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and National Formulary (NF)
What falls under body system classification?
cardiovascular gastrointestinal, etc.
The chemical name is the most meaningful to the
chemist
prescription classification means
it requires an order by a health professional licensed to prescribe drugs
Parallel-tracking is used for patients with
life-threatening illnesses who cannot participate in controlled trials -there is no other alternative
illegal or recreational drugs are
used for nontherapeutic purposes
Are therapeutic methods often used in combination?
yes
Who must manufacturers, prescribers, and dispensers register with?
DEA
What falls under therapeutic use or clinical indications?
antacids antibiotics, etc.
What are the six drug classifications?
1- Body System 2- Therapeutic use or clinical indications 3- Physiologic or chemical action 4- Prescription 5- Nonprescription 6- illegal or recreational drugs
What are the four ways we name drugs?
1- chemical name 2-generic name 3-official name 4- brand or trademark
What are the five therapeutic methods to treating illnesses?
1- diet therapy 2- drug therapy 3-physiotherapy 4- psychotherapy
Official name is listed by
FDA
what falls under physiologic or chemical action?
anticholinergics calcium channel blockers
Nonprescription are
drugs sold over-the-counter
Fast-tracking is to
expedite drug development and approval for life-threatening illnesses
Which name(s) of a drug should the nurse use when teaching a patient with a new prescription?
generic and trade