Ch 11 Properties of the hair and scalp

Dermal papilla

A small, cone shaped elevation located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb. Contains blood and nerve supply that provides the nutrients needed for hair growth.

Tinea capitis

A fungal infection characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles.

Cortex

A lengthwise cross section of hair shows that although the hair cuticle scales overlap, each scale is attached to the?

Polypeptide chain

A long chsin of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called?

Hair root and hair shaft

A mature strsnd of human hair is divided into two parts, they are:

Pityruasis steatoides

A more severe case of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scales, mixed with sebum that stick to the scalp in crusts.

Attrector pili muscle

A small involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicles. Goosebumps

Cowlick

A tuft of hair that stands straight up. Usually more noticeable at the front hairline.

Hydrogen bond

A weak, physical, cross link sode bond that is easily broken by water or heat

Telogen phase

Aka as the resting phase, the final phase in the hair cycle. Last until the fully grown hair is shed

Hypertrichosis

Aka hirsuties, a condition of abnormal growth of hair.

Cortex

All natural hair color is the result of the pigment located in the ___?

Vellus hair

Also know as lanugo hair, is short, fine, unpigmented, and downy. Almost never has a medulla.

Anagen phase

Also known as the growth phase, new hair is produced.

Carbuncle

An inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylocci

No

Can you perform services on a client that has pityriasis steatoides

Alopecia universalis

Complete body hair loss

Malassezia

Current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a naturally occuring fungus that is present on all human skin but causes symptoms when out of control.

Moisturizers and emollients

Dry hair and scalp should be treated with products that contain ____ & _____

Tinea favosa

Dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp called scutula

Hair stream

Hair flowing in the same direction, resulting from follicles sloping in the same direction.

90% protein

Hair is approximately ____% _____?

Hair follicle.

Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the?

Coarse, medium or fine

Hair texture can be classified as ____,____, or _____ and can vary from strand to strand

Whorl

Hair that forms in a circular pattern. As on the crown of the head.

True

Hair with low porsity is considered resistant and require more alkaline solution than hair with high porsity.

Scabies

Highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite.

3 - 5 years but can last as long as 10 years

How long does the anagen phase generally last?

Lanthionine bonds

Hydroxide chemical hair relaxers break disulfide bonds and then covert them to ____?

Pediculosis capitis

Infestations of the hair and scalp with head lice

Terminal hair

Long, coarse, pigminted hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of men and women. Usually has a medulla.

Proteins

Long, coiled complex polypeptides made of amino acids.

Hair density

Measures the number of individual hair strands on 1 sq in of the scalp

Improper shampooing and Overactive sebaceous glands

Oily hair and scalp, characterized by greasy buildup on the scalp and a oily coating on the hair, are caused by

Alopecia areata

One or more small, round, smooth bald patches on the scalp

Amino acids

Proteins are made of long chains of?

Eumelanin

Provide dark brown to black color to hair

Pheomelanin

Provide red to ginger and yellow to blonde color to hair.

Trichology

Scientific study of gair and its dieseases.

Fruncle

Technical term for a boil, an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain

Fragilitas crinium

Technical term for brittle hair.

Pityriasis

Technical term for dandruff. Characterized by the excessive production and accumulation of skin cells

Canities

Technical term for gray hair

Trichorrhexis nodosa

Technical term for knotted hair. Characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft.

Tinea

Technical term for ringworm. Is a fungus.

Trichoptilosis

Technical term for split ends

Postpartum alopecia

Temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy.

Hair porosity

The ability of the hair to absorb moisture.

Hair elasticity

The ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking

1/2 in per month

The average growth of healthy scalp hair is about?

11/20

The body can produce ____ out of the _____ amino acids that make up hair.

Catagen phase

The brief transition period between the growth and resting phase of a hair follicle.

90%

The cortex makes up about _____% of the total weight of the hair.

Keratinized protein

The hair shaft that emerges is a nonliving fiber composed of?

Medulla

The innermost layer of the hair and is composed of round cells.

Hair bulb

The lowest part of the hair strand. It is the thickened, club shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root.

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur COHNS

The major elements that make up human hair and are also.found in skin.and nails are?

Keratinization

The maturing process of hair is called?

Cortex

The middle layer of the of the hair. It's the fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment.

Sebaceous glands

The oil glandsin the skin that are connected to the hair follicles. They secrete a fatty or an oily substance called sebum.

Hair cuticle

The outermost layer of the hair. Consist of a single overlapping layer of transparent, scale like cells that look like the shingles on a roof. This layer creates the shone and smooth silky feel to the hair.

Peptide bond (end bond)

The strong chemical bond that joins amino acids is a?

Hair texture

The thicknesses or diameter of the individual hair strand.

Hair cuticle, cortex and medulla

The three main layers of the hair shaft are?

Hydrogen, salt, and disulfide bonds

The three types of side bonds are?

Melanin

The tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair.

Vellus and terminal

The two main types of hair found on the body are?

Eumelanin and pheomelanin

The two types of melanin are?

Anagen, catafen, telogen

Three growth cycles of hair

Alopecia totalis

Total scalp hair loss

Hairl follicle

Tube like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root.

Amino acids

Units that are joined together end to end like pop beads are?

Straight, wavy, curly and extremely curly

Wave pattern of hair are?

Salt bond

Weak, physical, cross link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains. They depend on pH, so they are easily broken by strong alkaline or acidic solutions.

Follicle, bulb, dermal papilla, arrector pili muscle and sebaceous glands.

What are the 5 main structures of the hair root?

Elasticity and natural hair color

____ & ____Are the results of the unique protein structures located in the cortex.

Coarse hair

____ hair has the largest diameter

Disulfide bonds

______ bonds are not broken by water. They are broken by permanet waves and chemical hair relaxers that alter the shape of hair.