Ch 11 Properties of the hair and scalp
Dermal papilla
A small, cone shaped elevation located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb. Contains blood and nerve supply that provides the nutrients needed for hair growth.
Tinea capitis
A fungal infection characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles.
Cortex
A lengthwise cross section of hair shows that although the hair cuticle scales overlap, each scale is attached to the?
Polypeptide chain
A long chsin of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called?
Hair root and hair shaft
A mature strsnd of human hair is divided into two parts, they are:
Pityruasis steatoides
A more severe case of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scales, mixed with sebum that stick to the scalp in crusts.
Attrector pili muscle
A small involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicles. Goosebumps
Cowlick
A tuft of hair that stands straight up. Usually more noticeable at the front hairline.
Hydrogen bond
A weak, physical, cross link sode bond that is easily broken by water or heat
Telogen phase
Aka as the resting phase, the final phase in the hair cycle. Last until the fully grown hair is shed
Hypertrichosis
Aka hirsuties, a condition of abnormal growth of hair.
Cortex
All natural hair color is the result of the pigment located in the ___?
Vellus hair
Also know as lanugo hair, is short, fine, unpigmented, and downy. Almost never has a medulla.
Anagen phase
Also known as the growth phase, new hair is produced.
Carbuncle
An inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylocci
No
Can you perform services on a client that has pityriasis steatoides
Alopecia universalis
Complete body hair loss
Malassezia
Current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a naturally occuring fungus that is present on all human skin but causes symptoms when out of control.
Moisturizers and emollients
Dry hair and scalp should be treated with products that contain ____ & _____
Tinea favosa
Dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp called scutula
Hair stream
Hair flowing in the same direction, resulting from follicles sloping in the same direction.
90% protein
Hair is approximately ____% _____?
Hair follicle.
Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the?
Coarse, medium or fine
Hair texture can be classified as ____,____, or _____ and can vary from strand to strand
Whorl
Hair that forms in a circular pattern. As on the crown of the head.
True
Hair with low porsity is considered resistant and require more alkaline solution than hair with high porsity.
Scabies
Highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite.
3 - 5 years but can last as long as 10 years
How long does the anagen phase generally last?
Lanthionine bonds
Hydroxide chemical hair relaxers break disulfide bonds and then covert them to ____?
Pediculosis capitis
Infestations of the hair and scalp with head lice
Terminal hair
Long, coarse, pigminted hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of men and women. Usually has a medulla.
Proteins
Long, coiled complex polypeptides made of amino acids.
Hair density
Measures the number of individual hair strands on 1 sq in of the scalp
Improper shampooing and Overactive sebaceous glands
Oily hair and scalp, characterized by greasy buildup on the scalp and a oily coating on the hair, are caused by
Alopecia areata
One or more small, round, smooth bald patches on the scalp
Amino acids
Proteins are made of long chains of?
Eumelanin
Provide dark brown to black color to hair
Pheomelanin
Provide red to ginger and yellow to blonde color to hair.
Trichology
Scientific study of gair and its dieseases.
Fruncle
Technical term for a boil, an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain
Fragilitas crinium
Technical term for brittle hair.
Pityriasis
Technical term for dandruff. Characterized by the excessive production and accumulation of skin cells
Canities
Technical term for gray hair
Trichorrhexis nodosa
Technical term for knotted hair. Characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft.
Tinea
Technical term for ringworm. Is a fungus.
Trichoptilosis
Technical term for split ends
Postpartum alopecia
Temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy.
Hair porosity
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture.
Hair elasticity
The ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking
1/2 in per month
The average growth of healthy scalp hair is about?
11/20
The body can produce ____ out of the _____ amino acids that make up hair.
Catagen phase
The brief transition period between the growth and resting phase of a hair follicle.
90%
The cortex makes up about _____% of the total weight of the hair.
Keratinized protein
The hair shaft that emerges is a nonliving fiber composed of?
Medulla
The innermost layer of the hair and is composed of round cells.
Hair bulb
The lowest part of the hair strand. It is the thickened, club shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root.
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur COHNS
The major elements that make up human hair and are also.found in skin.and nails are?
Keratinization
The maturing process of hair is called?
Cortex
The middle layer of the of the hair. It's the fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment.
Sebaceous glands
The oil glandsin the skin that are connected to the hair follicles. They secrete a fatty or an oily substance called sebum.
Hair cuticle
The outermost layer of the hair. Consist of a single overlapping layer of transparent, scale like cells that look like the shingles on a roof. This layer creates the shone and smooth silky feel to the hair.
Peptide bond (end bond)
The strong chemical bond that joins amino acids is a?
Hair texture
The thicknesses or diameter of the individual hair strand.
Hair cuticle, cortex and medulla
The three main layers of the hair shaft are?
Hydrogen, salt, and disulfide bonds
The three types of side bonds are?
Melanin
The tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair.
Vellus and terminal
The two main types of hair found on the body are?
Eumelanin and pheomelanin
The two types of melanin are?
Anagen, catafen, telogen
Three growth cycles of hair
Alopecia totalis
Total scalp hair loss
Hairl follicle
Tube like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root.
Amino acids
Units that are joined together end to end like pop beads are?
Straight, wavy, curly and extremely curly
Wave pattern of hair are?
Salt bond
Weak, physical, cross link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains. They depend on pH, so they are easily broken by strong alkaline or acidic solutions.
Follicle, bulb, dermal papilla, arrector pili muscle and sebaceous glands.
What are the 5 main structures of the hair root?
Elasticity and natural hair color
____ & ____Are the results of the unique protein structures located in the cortex.
Coarse hair
____ hair has the largest diameter
Disulfide bonds
______ bonds are not broken by water. They are broken by permanet waves and chemical hair relaxers that alter the shape of hair.