Ch. 12 Dealing with Union and Employee - Management Issues

National Labor Relations Board

- investigate labor practices - oversee union election campaigns

During the 1930s, what did labor unions win the right to do?

- organize and join unions in interstate commerce industries - minimum wage for workers

What are frequently sources of employee grievances against management?

- overtime rules - job assignments - layoffs

What are some results of the 1938 Supreme Court Rulings that allow employers to replace workers on strike?

- strikes create more hostility and violence when scabs are hired - employers can continue production - strikes are less effective

sexual harrassment

- verbal sexual behavior that creates a hostile environment - unwelcome requests for sexual favors - unwelcome sexual advances

Union Shop Agreement

- workers don't have to be members of a union to be hired - workers have to join a union within a certain time frame after being hired

What is the percentage of industrial injuries and fatalities related to alcohol abuse?

40%

How many people are expected to be over 65 by 2030?

70 million

U.S. women today earn what percent of what men earn?

77%

How much do employees who abuse illegal drugs cost the U.S. economy annually?

>$414 billion ($150 billion in productivity)

Who was the union leader who founded the CIO to organize both craftspeople and unskilled workers who were in the same industry?

John L. Lewis

arbitration

agreement to bring in third party to settle labor dispute w/ a binding decision

health-spending accounts

allow employees to pay elder care expenses w/ pretax dollars

pay equity

concept that recognizes that jobs traditionally held by men receive better pay than those held by women

injunction

court-issued order to do or not to do a specific activity

union

employee organization that represents labor in negotiations w/ management

primary boycott

encourages members and general public not to buy goods/services of firm in labor dispute

AFL

federation of craft unions led by Samuel Gompers in 1890s

comparable worth & pay equity

idea that people in jobs requiring similar levels of education, training, or skills should receive equal pay

industrial union

labor organization of skilled and unskilled workers working in a mass production industry

Wagner Act

law that required employers to meet at reasonable times and bargain in good faith concerning issues such as wages, hours, and conditions of employment and established the National Labor Relations Board

co-determination

legal requirement to have workers represented on company's Board of Directors in Germany and other European countries

Norris-LaGuardia Act

made Yellow Dog Contracts illegal

craft union

made up of workers who do the same type of work

elder care

need for employees to care for aging family members due to aging workforce and increasing number of people over 65

decertification

process by which workers remove a union's right to represent them

collective bargaining

process of maangement meeting w/ unions representing workers to discuss changes in working conditions, wages, and terms of employment

certification

process used by the NLRB to recognize a union as the bargaining agent for a group of employees

Civil Rights Act of 1991

protects men and women from sexual harrassment

bargaining zone

range of options both parties will consider b/n initial and final offers made in negotiation

Equal Pay Act of 1963

required companies to give equal pay to men and women doing the same job

Yellow Dog Contracts

required employees to agree not to join a labor union

Closed Shop Agreement

required workers to be members of a union before being hired

grievance

specific part of contract not being followed by management; when workers bring a charge that management is not following the provisions of a labor contract

union shop steward

union official who represents employee interests on a daily basis and whose job involves the early handling of grievances

strike

union strategy by which workers stop production by collectively refusing to work

Agency Shop Agreement

workers represented by the union pay a fee but do not have to become union members

strikebreakers & scabs

workers who cross picket lines to replace workers on strike during a labor dispute

What do unions primarily use in a labor dispute?

- boycotts - pickets - work slowdowns

What are some benefits won by organized labor?

- child-labor and safety laws - worker's compensation for disability - minimum wage laws

Taft-Hartley Act of 1947

- gave individual states the right to make union and agency shops illegal by passing right-to-work laws - calls for cooling-off period - made closed shop agreements and secondary boycotts illegal

Role of a union shop steward

- handle early stages of a grievance - represent employee interests on a daily basis