Ch. 12 Dealing with Union and Employee - Management Issues
National Labor Relations Board
- investigate labor practices - oversee union election campaigns
During the 1930s, what did labor unions win the right to do?
- organize and join unions in interstate commerce industries - minimum wage for workers
What are frequently sources of employee grievances against management?
- overtime rules - job assignments - layoffs
What are some results of the 1938 Supreme Court Rulings that allow employers to replace workers on strike?
- strikes create more hostility and violence when scabs are hired - employers can continue production - strikes are less effective
sexual harrassment
- verbal sexual behavior that creates a hostile environment - unwelcome requests for sexual favors - unwelcome sexual advances
Union Shop Agreement
- workers don't have to be members of a union to be hired - workers have to join a union within a certain time frame after being hired
What is the percentage of industrial injuries and fatalities related to alcohol abuse?
40%
How many people are expected to be over 65 by 2030?
70 million
U.S. women today earn what percent of what men earn?
77%
How much do employees who abuse illegal drugs cost the U.S. economy annually?
>$414 billion ($150 billion in productivity)
Who was the union leader who founded the CIO to organize both craftspeople and unskilled workers who were in the same industry?
John L. Lewis
arbitration
agreement to bring in third party to settle labor dispute w/ a binding decision
health-spending accounts
allow employees to pay elder care expenses w/ pretax dollars
pay equity
concept that recognizes that jobs traditionally held by men receive better pay than those held by women
injunction
court-issued order to do or not to do a specific activity
union
employee organization that represents labor in negotiations w/ management
primary boycott
encourages members and general public not to buy goods/services of firm in labor dispute
AFL
federation of craft unions led by Samuel Gompers in 1890s
comparable worth & pay equity
idea that people in jobs requiring similar levels of education, training, or skills should receive equal pay
industrial union
labor organization of skilled and unskilled workers working in a mass production industry
Wagner Act
law that required employers to meet at reasonable times and bargain in good faith concerning issues such as wages, hours, and conditions of employment and established the National Labor Relations Board
co-determination
legal requirement to have workers represented on company's Board of Directors in Germany and other European countries
Norris-LaGuardia Act
made Yellow Dog Contracts illegal
craft union
made up of workers who do the same type of work
elder care
need for employees to care for aging family members due to aging workforce and increasing number of people over 65
decertification
process by which workers remove a union's right to represent them
collective bargaining
process of maangement meeting w/ unions representing workers to discuss changes in working conditions, wages, and terms of employment
certification
process used by the NLRB to recognize a union as the bargaining agent for a group of employees
Civil Rights Act of 1991
protects men and women from sexual harrassment
bargaining zone
range of options both parties will consider b/n initial and final offers made in negotiation
Equal Pay Act of 1963
required companies to give equal pay to men and women doing the same job
Yellow Dog Contracts
required employees to agree not to join a labor union
Closed Shop Agreement
required workers to be members of a union before being hired
grievance
specific part of contract not being followed by management; when workers bring a charge that management is not following the provisions of a labor contract
union shop steward
union official who represents employee interests on a daily basis and whose job involves the early handling of grievances
strike
union strategy by which workers stop production by collectively refusing to work
Agency Shop Agreement
workers represented by the union pay a fee but do not have to become union members
strikebreakers & scabs
workers who cross picket lines to replace workers on strike during a labor dispute
What do unions primarily use in a labor dispute?
- boycotts - pickets - work slowdowns
What are some benefits won by organized labor?
- child-labor and safety laws - worker's compensation for disability - minimum wage laws
Taft-Hartley Act of 1947
- gave individual states the right to make union and agency shops illegal by passing right-to-work laws - calls for cooling-off period - made closed shop agreements and secondary boycotts illegal
Role of a union shop steward
- handle early stages of a grievance - represent employee interests on a daily basis