Ch. 13. Assessment & Treatment of IADLs & Leisure
what contributes to kid's participation in broader sets and sequences of occupations in home, school and/or work, and community life?
Children's competence in performing IADLs
what has been identified as a factor that promotes independent community living?
Self-determination
what is an important factor in both making decisions and problem solving in social situations?
Self-determination
what is one element to support the transition to independent community?
Successful completion of IADLs
The definition of financial literacy includes what?
a variety of knowledge skills such as basic money concepts (currency values to personal accounting), borrowing, investing, and protecting resources
how is self-determination defined?
as "a combination of skills, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors that enable a person to engage in goal-directed, self-regulated, autonomous behavior."
how is self-determination impacted?
by several factors including the educational setting, the severity of the disabling condition, and the presence of challenging behaviors
For children and adolescents, IADL activities include what?
care of others, care of pets, child rearing, use of a communication device, driving and community mobility, financial management, health management and maintenance (e.g., taking medications, exercise, and nutrition), home management (e.g., clothing care, cleaning), meal preparation and clean-up, religious and spiritual activities and expression, shopping, and safety and emergency procedures.
what have adults with physical disabilities reported?
dependence in shopping, home cleaning, laundry, and use of public transportation
t/f: According to the OTPF, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are generally not considered more complex than activities of daily living (ADLs).
false
t/f: As the child gains less experience and matures, the expectations of IADL performance are calibrated with the actual child's competence and achievement.
false
t/f: Children first engage in IADL skills as teens and typically acquire less opportunities for IADL performance when they reach adulthood and seek to participate in the community with decreased autonomy.
false
t/f: Disruption to these experiences during childhood, due to injury or disabling condition, can have a positive influence on adult occupational performance
false
t/f: Opportunities to develop problem-solving skills, understand one's own strengths and limitations, and make choices are not critical to developing these skills.
false
how are prosocial behaviors seen?
helping behaviors to pick up toys and assist in basic household chores such as throwing away trash.
Children and adolescents with cognitive/behavioral disorders such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), intellectual disability (ID), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often-
lacked opportunities to engage in household tasks and community activities such as shopping
When options and opportunities are severely limited or absent there is increased risk of what?
learned helplessness
what do self-determination skills include?
managing personal care and health needs, taking care of one's belongings and space, managing home repairs, arranging transportation, and living interdependently with others.
what are some methods for learning to participate in the community?
may be tacit, such as learning through observation and assisting with shopping, or more explicit, such as finding and enrolling in community activities.
Home management includes a variety of tasks that can be seen across the age range from toddlers or young children such as?
picking up toys or placing clothes in a hamper to far more complex tasks of a teenager doing laundry.
The development of self-determination is supported by-
providing young children the opportunity to identify interests, make choices, and learn how to share and take turns.
The expectations vary regarding what meal preparation tasks are appropriate for a child or adolescent, and a substantial element is the-
safety issues with the task demands.
Meal preparation skills vary from simple tasks such as-
setting the table or clearing plates to complex tasks of preparing an entire meal.
Furthermore, children with and without disabilities are involved in naturally occurring learning opportunities through activities such as-
shopping, going to neighborhood playgrounds, attending library story hours, or participating in events at community centers
In the home, how can preschool children assist with many household tasks?
such as putting away their own toys, making their beds, putting away their clothes, helping set the table, and preparing cold snacks
what have adolescents and adults, with physical disabilities and chronic conditions, reported regarding IADLs?
they lacked opportunities to direct their healthcare services such as making their own appointments and asking questions of medical and health personnel
t/f: Each child in the family derives personal or social connection to the occupation and is doing what he or she can do and in a way that is satisfying to him or her, although individual competencies for performing tasks could improve over time.
true
t/f: IADL performance and participation continues to develop through adolescence into young adulthood.
true
t/f: Parents and caregivers reported that engagement in domestic tasks, recreation and leisure activities, and community activities was critical and important to health for children and adolescents of all abilities
true
t/f: The care of pets is considered an IADL, and this engagement can range from simple tasks such as placing water in a bowl to more complex care of a service animal.
true
t/f: The performance of IADLs is not singularly a matter of skills or knowledge but is a combination of these factors with social and cultural expectations for children and adolescents.
true
how does learned helplessness occur?
when actions repeatedly fail to produce results or when individuals are not afforded the opportunity to make repeated attempts with specific activities or tasks.
