Ch. 14 Using Visual Aids, Public Speaking Chapter 1 Review Questions., Public Speaking Ch.2, Chapter 4, Chapter 3 Public Speaking, Chapter 10 Public Speaking, Chapter 13 Public Speaking

What steps should you take when preparing for a question-and-answer session? What should you concentrate on when responding to questions during the session?

1. A) Formulate answers to possible questions B) Practice the delivery of your answers 2. A) Approach questions with a positive attitude B) Listen carefully C) Direct answers to the entire audience D) Be honest and straightforward E) Stay on track

What are seven methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?

1. Relate the topic to the audience 2. State the importance of your topic 3. Startle the audience 4. Arouse the curiosity of the audience 5. Question the audience 6. Begin with a quotation 7. Tell a story

What eight steps should you take if you are faced with presenting an online speech?

1. Understand the special nature of the online environment 2. Know your technology 3. Control the visual environment 4. Adapt your nonverbal communication 5. Adjust your pacing for the online environment 6. Manage Q&A for the online environment 7. Rehearse for the online environment 8. Have a backup plan

What five elements of speech delivery are discussed in this chapter with regard to presenting your first speech?

1. plant feet, smile to audience; 2. gesture naturally; 3. establish, maintain eye contact; 4. speak expressively; 5. take steps to reduce nervousness

Extemporaneous

Carefully prepared, rehearsed speech presented from brief notes

Introduction

Gain attention, interest; Orient listeners to subject matter

Why is it important to develop strong listening skills?

Improving your listening skills can be helpful in every part of your life, including speech making.

5. What is incremental plagiarism? How can you steer clear of it when dealing with quotations and paraphrase?

It is failure to give credit for parts of the speech such as quotations. Take careful notecards to distinguish between quotations, paraphrased material and your own comments.

Incremental plagiarism

Not giving credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people

Body

Select effective method of organization; Limit & focus number of main points; Include transition statements

How do the seven elements interact to determine the success or failure of a speech?

They interact when a public speaker addresses an audience.

What is Ethnocentrism?

is a belief that one's culture is superior to others.

What steps should you take when rehearsing your first speech?

rehearse aloud, ask for feedback, time your speech

Why is it normal -even desirable- to be nervous at the start of a speech.

you can transform it into positive nervousness also known as "stage excitement" or "stage enthusiasm"

What are the five steps you should follow when practicing your speech delivery?

1. Go through your preparation outline aloud to check how what you have written translates into spoken discourse. 2. Prepare your speaking outline. 3. Practice the speech aloud several times using only the speaking outline. 4. Begin to polish and refine your delivery. 5. Give your speech a dress rehearsal under conditions as close as possible to those you will face in class.

What are four aspects of bodily action you should concentrate on in your speeches?

1. Personal appearance 2. Movement 3. Gestures 4. Eye contact

What are four ways to reinforce the central idea when concluding your speech?

1. Summarize your speech 2. End with a quotation 3. Make a dramatic statement 4. Refer to the introduction

What is a preview statement? Why should you nearly always include a preview statement in the introduction of your speech?

1. A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body. 2. It helps the audience listen effectively and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech.

What are two ways you can signal the end of your speech?

1. Crescendo ending- a conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity 2. Dissolve ending- a conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

What are the elements of good speech delivery?

1. Directness 2. Spontaneity 3. Animation 4. Vocal and facial expressiveness 5. Lively sense of communication

Ice breaker speech

A speech early in the term designed to get students speaking in front of the class as soon as possible

Conclusion

Signal conclusion; Reinforce central idea; End on strong note

What guidelines are given in the chapter for presenting visual aids?

1. Display visual aids where listeners can see them; 2. Avoid passing visual aids among the audience; 3. display visual aids only while discussing them; 4. Explain visual aids clearly and concisely; 5 Talk to your audience, not to your visual aid; 6. Practice with your visual aids

What are the four objectives of a speech introduction?

1. Get the attention and interest of the audience 2. Reveal the topic of your speech 3. Establish your credibility and goodwill 4. Preview the body of the speech

When organizing your introductory speech, you should divide it into what three sections?

1. Introduction: gain attention, interest, preview statement 2. Body: effective organization, transition statements 3. Conclusion: signal conclusion, reinforce central idea, end strong

What are six tips for your introduction?

1. Keep it brief 2. Look for possible introductory materials while you research 3. Be creative 4. Don't worry about the exact wording until you finished preparing the body of the speech 5. Work out the introduction in detail 6. When presenting, don't start talking too soon

What are four tips for your conclusion?

1. Look for possible concluding materials as you research and develop your speech 2. Conclude with a bang, not a whimper 3. Don't be long-winded 4. Don't leave anything in your conclusion to chance

What is nonverbal communication? Why is it important to effective public speaking?

1. Nonverbal communication is based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words. 2. Effective delivery conveys the speaker's ideas clearly, engagingly, and without distracting then audience.

What are the four main causes of poor listening?

1. Not concentrating 2. Listening too hard 3. Jumping to conclusions 4. Focusing on the delivery and personal appearance

How is public speaking similar to everyday conversation?

1. Organizing your thoughts logically. ( the order in which giving someone directions) 2.Tailoring your message to you audience.( the order, when explain to one of your classmates how a pearl is made) 3. Telling a story for maximum impact (telling a friend about a funny incident, you adjust your words) 4.Adapting to listener feedback (You pay attention to someone's verbal, facial, and physical reactions, when talking to them)

What guidelines are given in the chapter for preparing visual aids?

1. Prepare visual aids well in advance; 2. Keep visual aids simple; 3. Make sure visual aids are large enough; 4. Use a limited amount of text; 5. Use fonts effectively; 6. Use color effectively; 7. Use images strategically;

How is public speaking different from everyday conversation?

1. Public speaking is more highly structured (Time limitations, most of the time listeners do not interrupt, must accomplish your goal in the speech itself) 2. Public speaking requires more formal language (slang, jargon, and bad grammar have little place in public speeches) 3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery ( in a conversation you use the words "like", "you know", "uh", "err", "um". In a speech, you adjust your voice, speak clearly, straight posture and avoid verbal or mannerism habits)

What are the four methods of speech delivery?

1. Reading verbatim from a manuscript 2. Reciting a memorized text 3. Speaking impromptu 4. Speaking extemporaneously

What are the major functions of a speech conclusion?

1. Signal the end of the speech 2. Reinforce the central idea 3. Strong final statement

What are the seven elements of the speech communication process?

1. Speaker 2. message 3. channel 4. listener 5. feedback 6.interference 7. situation

What are seven ways to become a better listener?

1. Take listening seriously 2. Be an active listener 3. Resist distractions 4. Don't be diverted by appearance or delivery 5. Suspend judgement 6. Focus on your listening 7. Develop note-taking skills

What are the eight aspects of voice usage you should concentrate on in your speeches?

1. Volume 2. Pitch 3. Rate 4. Pauses 5. Vocal variety 6. Pronunciation 7. Articulation 8. Dialect

What two major steps are discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech?

1. focusing your topic: make sure it conforms to the assigned time limit, but don't narrow your focus too much leaving out important details 2. Develop your topic: be creative, use colorful descriptive language

Chronological order

A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern

How can you control you nervousness and make it work for you in your speeches?

Acquire speaking Experience, Prepare, think positively, use the power of visualizing myself giving a successful speech, Know that most nervousness is not visible, and Don't expect perfection.

3. What is the difference between global plagiarism and patchwork plagiarism

Global plagiarism is stealing your speech entirely from another source and passing it off as your own; patchwork is when a speaker takes from 2-3 sources.

What is the difference between hearing and listening?

Hearing- the vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain Listening- paying close attention to and making sense of what we hear

Why is it important to establish your credibility at the beginning of your speech?

It tells the audience why you are qualified to speak on the topic at hand.

What kinds of visual aids might you use in a speech?

Objects and Models; Photographs and drawings; Graphs; Charts; Video; The speaker; PowerPoint

What are the major advantages of using visual aids in your speeches?

People find a speaker's message more interesting, grasp it more easily, and retain it longer. It can enhance every aspect of a speech. A speaker will come across as being well prepared, more credible, and more professional. it can help a speaker combat stage fright. heighten audience interest, shift attention from speaker.

What factors should you consider when planning to use PowerPoint in a speech?

Pluses and minus of PowerPoint and planning to use PowerPoint.

Speech Rehearsal

Rehearse aloud; Ask friends, family members for feedback; Time your speech

4. What are the best ways to avoid these two kinds of plagiarism?

Start working on your speech as soon as possible and to have multiple sources and paraphrase.

Why do public speakers need to avoid ethnocentrism when addressing audiences with diverse cultural, racial, or ethnic background?

We can offend them by doing or saying something that we believe is normal, but is wrong in there culture.

How is listening connected with critical thinking?

When you're trying to engage in critical listening, your mind and your ears are involved. When your mind isn't involved, you're most likely hearing, not listening.

6. What are the three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in this chapter?

a. Be courteous and attentive b. Avoid prejudicing the speaker c. Maintain the free and open expression of ideas

2. What are five guidelines for ethical speechmaking discussed in this chapter?

a. Make sure your goals are ethically sound b. Be fully prepared for each speech c. Be honest in what you say d. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language e. Put ethical principles into practice

What method of delivery does this chapter recommend for your introductory speech?

extemporaneous speech: a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes, it requires you to know the content of your speech quite well

In what ways is public speaking likely to make a difference in you life?

makes you a better communicator, more professional

Topical order

method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics

Ethics

the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs