ch 15 and 16 physics

How does glass act like a one-way valve for a conventional greenhouse? Does the atmosphere similarly act as a one-way valve? A) Glass transmits solar radiation into the greenhouse and blocks infrared radiation from leaving the greenhouse. The opposite happens in the atmosphere. B) Glass transmits solar radiation into the greenhouse and blocks infrared radiation from leaving the greenhouse. The same thing happens in the atmosphere. C) Glass blocks solar radiation from entering the greenhouse and transmits infrared radiation through the glass of the greenhouse. The same thing happens in the atmosphere. D) Glass transmits solar radiation into the greenhouse and blocks visible radiation from leaving the greenhouse. The same thing happens in the atmosphere.

B) Glass transmits solar radiation into the greenhouse and blocks infrared radiation from leaving the greenhouse. The same thing happens in the atmosphere.

Does a hot object contain internal energy or does it contain heat? A) Both internal energy and heat B) Internal energy C) Heat D) Neither internal energy nor heat

B) Internal energy

If you touch the metal sides in an oven with your bare hand, you're in trouble. But hold your hand briefly in the oven air and you're okay. What does this tell you about the relative conductivities of metal and air? A) Neither metal nor air is a good conductor of heat. B) Metal is a good conductor of heat, whereas air is a terrible conductor of heat. C) Metal is a poor conductor of heat, whereas air is a good conductor of heat. D) Both metal and air are good conductors of heat.

B) Metal is a good conductor of heat, whereas air is a terrible conductor of heat.

Which warms up fastest when heat is applied: water, iron, or silver? A) Water warms up faster than iron. Iron warms up faster than silver. B) Silver warms up faster than iron. Iron warms up faster than water. C) Water warms up faster than silver. Silver warms up faster than iron. D) Iron warms up faster than silver. Silver warms up faster than water.

B) Silver warms up faster than iron. Iron warms up faster than water.

How is heat similar to and different from internal energy? A) Heat and internal energy are two names for the same thing. B) They are both forms of energy, but heat flows, whereas internal energy does not. C) They are both forms of energy, but heat flow is kinetic energy, whereas internal energy is entirely potential energy. D) Heat is not a form of energy, whereas internal energy is.

B) They are both forms of energy, but heat flows, whereas internal energy does not.

Liquids and gases transmit heat mainly by A) conduction B) convection C) radiation D) None of the above.

B) convection

When we speak about heat we refer to ___________. A) transfer of kinetic energy B) energy in transit C) temperature D) work

B) energy in transit

When your foot stands on a tile floor, thermal energy always flows _________. A) from the tile to your foot B) from either your foot or the tile, depending on the temperature of the tile C) from your foot to the tile D) always upward

B) from either your foot or the tile, depending on the temperature of the tile

When air contains excess water and carbon dioxide, it is opaque to A) visible lights B) infrared waves C) both of them D) neither of them

B) infrared waves

Heat travels from the Sun to Earth by the process of _________. A) conduction and convection, though radiation is greater B) radiation C) convection D) conduction

B) radiation

During a certain time interval, the net work done on an object is zero joules. We can be certain that ____. A) the object was at rest during this entire interval B) the object's final speed was the same as its initial speed C) the object was at rest at the end of this interval

B) the object's final speed was the same as its initial speed

A red-hot piece of coal will cool quicker in a A)70ºF room B)50ºF room C)both the same

B)50ºF room

According to the table shown below, which requires the most heat, raising 1kg of aluminum, 1 kg of diamond, or 1 kg of glass through the same temperature range? ALUMINUM- 897 DIAMOND- 509 GLASS- 840 A) 1kg of glass. B) 1 kg of diamond. C) 1kg of aluminum. D) the same for all.

C) 1kg of aluminum.

What are the temperatures for freezing water and boiling water on the Kelvin temperature scale? A) 0 K, 100 K B) 373 K, 212 K C) 273 K, 373 K D) 32 K, 212 K

C) 273 K, 373 K

Does a substance that cools off quickly have a high or a low specific heat capacity? A) Specific heat capacity does not matter. B) Larger objects cool off more quickly, independent of specific heat capacity. C) A low specific heat capacity D) A high specific heat capacity

C) A low specific heat capacity

Which of the following is FALSE? A) Heat flows spontaneously from a higher-temperature substance to a lower-temperature substance. B) Heat never flows spontaneously from a lower-temperature to a higher-temperature substance. C) Heat flows from a higher internal energy substance to a lower internal energy substance. D) Heat flows between objects in thermal contact until they reach the same temperature.

C) Heat flows from a higher internal energy substance to a lower internal energy substance.

Which generally expands more for an equal increase in temperature: solids or liquids? A) Solids and liquids generally do not expand when heated. B) Solids generally expand more than liquids. C) Liquids generally expand more than solids. D) Solids and liquids generally expand the same.

C) Liquids generally expand more than solids.

Why does the direction of coastal winds change from day to night? A) The specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of land. Water cools more rapidly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and offshore winds. B) The specific heat of water is less than the specific heat of land. Water cools more rapidly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and onshore winds. C) The specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of land. Water cools more slowly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and offshore winds. D) The specific heat of water is less than the specific heat of land. Water cools more slowly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and onshore winds.

C) The specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of land. Water cools more slowly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and offshore winds.

If you add the same amount of heat to a half cup of water and a full cup of water. The change in the temperature of the half cup of water is about A) half as much as that of the full cup. B) the same as that of the full cup. C) twice as much as that of the full cup. D) none of the above.

C) twice as much as that of the full cup.

Calculate the heat released by 2 kg of water when its temperature decreases from 2ºC to 1ºC. (specific heat of water is 4200 J/kg ºC) A) 4200 J B) 16800 J C) 2100 J D) 8400 J E) None of the above.

D) 8400 J

On a cold day your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug A) is usually warmer than tile. B) for the same mass has more internal energy than tile. C) is a better conductor. D) is a poorer conductor.

D) is a poorer conductor.

Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation. This indicates that the specific heat capacity for sand is ___________. A) more than that of plants B) likely the same as that of plants C) unrelated to rate of cooling D) less than that of plants

D) less than that of plants

Which of the following temperature is absolute zero? A) 0ºC B) 0ºF C) 32ºF D) 273 K E) 0 K

E) 0 K

Which of the following is FALSE? A) Each color of light has a different wavelength. B) Each color of light has a different frequency. C) An object strongly emitting all visible light appears white. D) A blue star has a higher temperature than a red star. E) All of them are TRUE.

E) All of them are TRUE.

Two identical cars are driving in opposite directions at the same speed. Their kinetic energies have ____. A) the same magnitude and sign B) different magnitudes and opposite signs C) different magnitudes, but the same sign D) the same magnitude, but opposite signs

A) the same magnitude and sign

The temperature of absolute zero is stated as ___________. A) 273K B) -273°C C) 4 kelvin D) 32°C

B) -273°C

In what form does radiant energy travel? A) As sound waves B) As electromagnetic waves C) As radioactive particles D) As waves in the luminiferous aether

B) As electromagnetic waves

In which direction does heat flow spontaneously between hot and cold objects? A) From high internal energy to low internal energy B) From high temperature to low temperature C) From low internal energy to high internal energy D) From low temperature to high temperature

B) From high temperature to low temperature

If everything radiates, why don't we see objects in a dark room? Because A) objects with room temperature emit mostly infrared waves. B) these objects are poor conductors. C) these objects radiate very little amount of energy. D) Most objects do not emit radiant energy.

A) objects with room temperature emit mostly infrared waves.

What are the temperatures for freezing water on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales? For boiling water? A) Freezing: 0°C, 32°F; boiling: 100°C, 212°F B) Freezing: 273°C, 32°F; boiling: 373°C, 212°F C) Freezing: 0°C, 32°F; boiling: 100°C, 273°F D) Freezing: 32°C, 0°F; boiling: 100°C, 212°F

A) Freezing: 0°C, 32°F; boiling: 100°C, 212°F

Which will undergo the greater rate of cooling: a red-hot poker in a warm oven or a red-hot poker in a cold room (or do both cool at the same rate)? A) The poker in the cold room cools fastest. B) The poker actually stays the same temperature in the oven. C) The poker in the oven cools fastest. D) Both cool at the same rate.

A) The poker in the cold room cools fastest.

Why does a bimetallic strip bend with changes in temperature? A) The two metals expand at different rates. B) Heating causes the two metals to become a battery that powers the bending. C) One metal contracts when heated, whereas the other metal expands. D) High temperatures soften the two metals, allowing them to sag under gravity.

A) The two metals expand at different rates.

How is heat similar to and different from internal energy? A) They are both forms of energy, but heat is energy that flows, whereas internal energy is energy internal to a substance. B) Heat is not a form of energy, whereas internal energy is. C) Heat and internal energy are two names for the same thing. D) They are both forms of energy, but heat is kinetic energy, whereas internal energy is potential energy.

A) They are both forms of energy, but heat is energy that flows, whereas internal energy is energy internal to a substance.

Thermal convection applies mainly to _________. A) fluids B) conductors C) radiant energy D) insulators

A) fluids

A motorcycle drives up a steeply inclined ramp. The work done on the motorcycle by the Earth's gravitational force is ____. A) negative B) zero C) positive

A) negative