CH. 16

During animal cell division, actin filaments organize into the _____. A) Contractile ring B) Cell plate C) Mitotic spindle D) Plasma membrane

A

During this step, the nuclear membrane breaks down. A) Prometaphase B) Metaphase C) Interphase D) Anaphase E) Prophase

A

How do extracellular factors influence cell growth and division? A) They can turn off negative signals that block cell division, stimulate growth, and prevent apoptosis. B) They promote DNA mutations to make cell division faster. C) They act as negative signals to block cell division, inhibit growth, and promote apoptosis. D) They take the place of the intracellular factors.

A

Organize these steps in the order in which they would occur during cell division. A) Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase B) Interphase, prophase, prometaphase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase C) Interphase, prometaphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase D) Prometaphase, interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase E) Anaphase, interphase, metaphase, prometaphase, prophase, telophase

A

Place the following steps in the cell cycle into the order in which they occur. I. G1 II. G2 III. S phase IV. M phase A) I, III, II, IV B) IV, I, II, III C) I, IV, II, III D) II, III, I, IV E) I, II, IV, III

A

What gives each of your cells its unique structure and function? A) Tissue-specific proteins B) Signaling molecules C) Signal transduction pathways D) Different DNA in each cell

A

What is the importance of the three major checkpoints in the cell cycle? A) To ensure there are enough nutrients for growth and division and that the DNA has been copied correctly and is being split equally between the new cells. B) To ensure that the cell always keeps progressing through the cell cycle no matter what. C) To ensure that the DNA with errors in it is always sent to the new cell during division. D) To ensure that the cell never enters the division phase because it will die after mitosis.

A

Which is NOT true of gene expression? A) It creates different DNA within each of your cell types. B) It dictates how a cell functions. C) It is the specific combination of genes that are turned on or off. D) It occurs because of cellular signals within your body.

A

Which of the following statements about asexual reproduction is NOT true? A) It is a seldom used form of reproduction. B) It does not improve genetic variation. C) It produces clones of the original cell. D) It does not require a mate for reproduction.

A

Which of the following structures does NOT participate in the cell division of a sunflower cell? I. Contractile ring II. Cell plate III. Vesicle A) I B) II and III C) I and III D) III

A

Cells differentiation is important because ______ A) it creates diversity within your body B) all choices are correct C) different functions require different structures D) it creates diversity on Earth

B

How do intracellular factors influence cell growth and division? A) They always keep things running even if there are errors since it is always better to continue growth and division. B) They carry out the steps of the cell cycle and act at the checkpoints to make sure things are progressing properly. C) They carry out the steps of the cell cycle and they all act at the same time. D) They shut down cell growth and division until they get the go-ahead signal from every component.

B

Signaling molecules ______. A) tell cells what kind of DNA they have B) bring messages to cells that tell them which activities and processes to perform C) take messages from your cells to your organs D) tell your DNA to make a new cell

B

The new cell wall which forms between dividing plant cells during cytokinesis is known as the _____. A) cell shield B) cell plate C) cell platter D) cell moat

B

The primary type of microtubule that positions the chromosome in preparation for mitosis is A) Polar microtubule B) Kinetochore microtubule C) Tethering microtubule D) Astral microtubule

B

This emanates from the centrosome to position the mitotic spindle within the cell. A) Centromere B) Astral microtubule C) Kinetochore microtubule D) Spindle pole

B

Which of the following is true about both meiosis and mitosis? A) The primary goal of both processes is to reduce the number of chromosomes in the cell by half B) DNA replication precedes cell division. C) Both processes yield a set of diploid offspring. D) Offspring result with twice the number of chromosomes.

B

A chromosome consists of two chromatids for AT LEAST part of all of these steps EXCEPT: I. G1 II. G2 III. M Phase IV. S Phase A) II B) IV C) I D) III

C

Part of the cell cytoskeleton, these are a major component of the mitotic spindle. A) Kinetochore B) Centrosome C) Microtubules D) Spindle poles E) Chromosome

C

Segregation of ribosomes in cell division occurs during _____. A) Metaphase B) Prophase C) Cytokinesis D) Prometaphase

C

The protein structure on a chromosome to which microtubules may attach is a A) Telomere B) Arm C) Kinetochore D) Centrosome E) Chromatin

C

Which of the following characteristics is unique to meiosis? A) Microtubules in the gametes. B) Chromosome condensation. C) Reduction of the number of chromosomes in the cell by half. D) DNA replication prior to cell division.

C

Which of the following events occur during prophase? I. Centrosome duplication II. Centrosome movement to the spindle poles III. Centrosome organization of the spindle apparatus A) I, II and III B) I and III C) II and III D) I and II E) I

C

Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) The non-dividing state of the cell cycle is called mitosis. B) Cytokinesis is the third step in interphase. C) Chromosome replication occurs during S phase. D) Preparation for S phase occurs during G2. E) M phase occurs between G1 and S phase.

C

1. All of the following occur during interphase EXCEPT: A) Cell growth B) Chromosome replication C) S phase D) Cell division E) Protein synthesis

D

A _____ is one of two copies of a replicated chromosome A) Centromere B) Chloroplast C) Chromomere D) Chromatid E) Chromatin

D

All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT: A) Cytokinesis occurs after the cells' content has been duplicated. B) Cytokinesis is the process in which the cytoplasmic content of the cell is divided into two new cells. C) Both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis. D) The components of the cell plate formed during cytokinesis are produced by the mitochondrion.

D

Chromosome de-condensation occurs during this step. A) Prometaphase B) Prophase C) Anaphase D) Telophase E) Metaphase

D

What genetic advantage does sexual reproduction have over asexual reproduction? A) Genetic variations are not possible and ensure exact clones. B) All individuals share the same genetic weaknesses. C) Asexual reproduction does not require a mate. D) Genetic variations are possible to promote survival of the species.

D

What happens during the cell cycle? A) During growth and division the cell reduces in size to concentrate its nutrients. B) The DNA is packed away where it cannot be divided between the two new cells. C) During growth the cell is divided into two smaller cells and during growth the mass decreases. D) During growth cell materials are made to increase the mass of the cell. During division the cell divides in two.

D

What is a growth factor? A) An intracellular factor that regulates the major checkpoints in the cell cycle. B) A anti-survival factor that acts to stimulate apoptosis. C) An extracellular factor that stimulates cell division. D) An extracellular factor that stimulates cell growth by triggering the cell to make additional cell components.

D

Which of the following statements about gametes are true? I. In sexual reproduction, each parent provides genetic material for the formation of either an egg or a sperm cell. II. Gametes are produced by mitosis. III. If a sexually reproducing organism is diploid, the gametes are haploid. A) I and II B) I, II and III C) II and III D) I and III

D

______ is how generic embryonic cells become specialized cells. A) Signal transduction B) Gene signaling C) Tissue-specific expression D) Cell differentiation

D

Chromosomes are maximally condensed at this step. A) Interphase B) Anaphase C) Prometaphase D) Prophase E) Metaphase

E

The organelle that serves as a microtubule organizing center during cell division is the A) Centromere B) Chromomere C) Cytoskeleton D) Chromosome E) Centrosome

E