Ch. 18 Wiley Homework

Calcitriol stimulates absorption of calcium from food in the gastrointestinal tract while parathyroid hormone promotes release of calcium from bone. a.) True b.) False

a

Down regulation of receptors makes a target cell less responsive to a hormone. a.) True b.) False

a

Lipogenesis would most likely be stimulated by a.) insulin b.) glucagon c.) growth hormone d.) calcitonin

a

Most water soluble hormones circulate freely in blood plasma while most lipid soluble hormones are transported bound to transport proteins. a.) True b.) False

a

The posterior pituitary contains hypothalamic neurosecretory cells and stores and releases hormones while the anterior pituitary produces and releases hormones. a.) True b.) False

a

What is not a function of the parathyroid glands? a.) decrease formation of vitamin D b.) increase the number of osteoclasts c.) regulate the level of calcium in the blood d.) increase bone resorption e.) promote formation of calcitriol

a

Which of the following is not a true statement? a.) most hormone systems function under a positive feedback system b.) secretion of hormones occurs in short bursts c.) signals from the nervous system regulate hormone secretion d.) chemical changes in the blood may determine concentration of hormone release e.) regulation of secretion prevents overproduction of a hormone

a

Follicle stimulating hormone is responsible for triggering ovulation and the release of the secondary oocyte. a.) True b.) False

b

Most water soluble hormones must be attached to a transport protein in order to be circulated. a.) True b.) False

b

People under a great amount of chronic stress are no more prone to disease than those who are not. a.) True b.) False

b

The flight-or-flight response produces all of the following except: a.) increased heart rate and force of contraction b.) dilation of vessels to the digestive organs c.) increase in blood pressure d.) decreased urinary activity e.) increased glycogenolysis

b

Where is ADH made? a.) anterior pituitary b.) posterior pituitary c.) hypothalamus d.) adrenal cortex e.) adrenal medulla

b

Which hormone is not matched correctly with its principal action? a.) gastrin - increases stomach movement b.) erythropoietin (EPO) - increases white blood cell production c.) leptin - suppresses appetite d.) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - lowers blood pressure e.) estrogens - prepare mammary gland to secrete milk

b

Which hormone lowers blood glucose level? a.) glucagon b.) insulin c.) prolactin d.) ACTH

b

Which of the following does not influence the responsiveness of a target cell to a hormone? a.) the number of receptors on the target cell b.) the temperature of the tissue c.) the presence and effects of other hormones d.) the concentration of the hormone e.) previous exposure to a hormone

b

Which of the following statements is incorrect? a.) Down-regulation may occur if a hormone is present in excess. b.) Down- regulation results in an increase in the number of target-cell receptors. c.) In up-regulation, a target cell becomes more sensitive to a hormone. d.) If a hormone is present in excess, the number of target cell receptors decreases.

b

Paracrines a.) are secreted into the blood stream b.) are secreted into a duct c.) act on the neighboring cell d.) act on the cell that secreted them

c

The two major systems that act together to coordinate functions of all body systems are the: a.) cardiovascular and nervous systems b.) endocrine and excretory systems c.) nervous and endocrine systems d.) nervous and respiratory systems

c

Which gland or organ is not strictly classified as an endocrine gland? a.) thyroid gland b.) adrenal gland c.) pancreas d.) pineal gland e.) pituitary gland

c

Which hormone uses a second messenger mechanism? a.) testosterone b.) estrogen c.) norepinephrine d.) cortisol e.) none of these choices

c

Which of the following is a true statement? a.) the levels of glucagon and insulin are based on a positive feedback system b.) hyperglycemia stimulates release of glucagon c.) insulin increases glycogenesis and lipogenesis d.) glucagon stimulates kidney cells to releases glucose into the blood e.) blood amino acid level is the most important regulator of insulin and glucagon

c

Which of the following organs is/are incorrectly matched with the hormones they secrete? 1. Kidneys - Renin 2. Placenta - Human chorionic somatotropic 3. Adipose tissue - Leptin 4. Heart - Atrial natriuretic peptide 5. Pancreas - Glucose-dependent insulin tropic peptide 6. Gastrointestinal tract - Cholecystokinin a.) All of these are correctly matched. b.) 1 and 2 are incorrectly matched c.) 5 is incorrectly matched d.) 5 and 6 are incorrectly matched e.) 3 and 5 are incorrectly matched

c

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect? a.) The nervous and endocrine systems act together to help to maintain homeostasis. b.) The nervous system acts through nerve impulses while the endocrine system uses hormones to control body activities. c.) The endocrine uses neurotransmitters for communication while the nervous system communicates using hormones. d.) Neurotransmitters and hormones may both exert effects by binding to target cell receptors. e.) The endocrine system responds slowly while the nervous system responds quickly.

c

An increase in the blood osmotic pressure will stimulate the release of a.) oxytocin b.) LH c.) FSH d.) ADH

d

The responsiveness of a target cell to a hormone is determined by: a.) The concentration of the hormone in the blood b.) The number of hormone receptors on the target cell c.) Influences exerted by other hormones d.) All of these determine the responsiveness of a target

d

Which one of the following hormones is NOT a steroid hormone? a.) estrogen b.) progesterone c.) cortisol d.) human growth hormone

d

Which statement is correct regarding the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland? a.) releasing hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary b.) the hypothalamus is 'controlled' by the pituitary gland c.) the posterior lobe of the pituitary secretes inhibiting hormones d.) the hypothalamus secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that influence the pituitary gland

d

Which statement is not true of the interplay between PTH and calcitriol? a.) calcitriol increases calcium absorption from foods b.) PTH increases resorption of bone c.) high blood calcium levels increases calcitonin release d.) PTH decreases vitamin D levels e.) PTH raises blood calcium levels

d

Which of the following sequence of events is correct regarding the mechanism of protein hormone action? I. activation of adenylate cyclase II. activation of the G protein III. activation of a protein kinase IV. phosphorylation of a cellular protein V. binding to membrane receptor VI. formation of the cAMP a.) I, II, III, IV, V, VI b.) V, II, III, VI, I, IV c.) III, IV, II, I, VI, V d.) V, IV, VI, I, III, II e.) V, II, I, VI, III, IV

e

Which of the following statements regarding the stress response is correct? a.) The fight-or-flight response begins with hypothalamic stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla. b.) The fight-or-flight response rapidly increases circulation, promotes ATP production and decreases nonessential activities. c.) The resistance reaction is initiated by releasing hormones of the hypothalamus and involves longer lasting reactions and acceleration of processes which produce ATP. d.) Exhaustion results from depletion of body resources during the resistance stage. e.) All of these statements are correct.

e