Ch 2: Network Media
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 2 UTP cable?
4 Mbps Used by old Token Ring
What is the most common wiring standard for UTP connections?
568B
How many slave devices can a Bluetooth master control at one time?
7
How many wires does a RJ45 connector have and how are they typically used with the TCP networking standards.
8 total wires as 4 Pairs. TCP typically only uses two pairs
Network media and connectors and the electrical signals traveling over them are represented by standards at what level in the OSI model?
Layer 1 (Physical Level)
Why can't a straight-through cable be used to connect two computers directly (NIC-to-NIC)?
The transmit pins on one system will be connected to the transmit pins on the second system, so neither system can receive data.
What are coaxial cable types RG-59 and RG-6 used for?
They are used with home video devices such as TV's and VCR's
What are coaxial cable types RG-8 or RG-11 used for?
Thick Ethernet
What is coaxial cable type RG-58 used for ?
Thin Ethernet
What type of connections use the British Naval Connector?
Thin Ethernet ARCNet
802.11b wireless standard has a throughput of what? And what frequency does it operate on?
Throughput of 11 Mbps Runs at 2.4 GHz frequency
802.11g wireless standard has a throughput of what? And what frequency does it operate on?
Throughput of 54 Mbps Runs at 2.4 GHz frequency
802.11a wireless standard has a throughput of what? And what frequency does it operate on?
Throughput of 54 Mbps Runs at 5 GHz frequency
802.11n wireless standard has a throughput of what? And what frequency does it operate on?
Throughput of up to 600 Mbps Runs at both 2.4 and 5 GHz frequency
What does crimping mean?
To bend or squeeze the metal of a connector around a cable to secure it to the cable
Explain WPA.
Wireless network encryption that 128-bit encryption and TKIP Also features EAP
Explain WPA2.
Wireless network encryption that improves upon the security of WPA by using AES instead of TKIP. Supports 128-bit, 192-bit, and 256-bit
Explain WEP.
Wireless network encryption that uses 64-bit or 128-bit encryption key to scramble data packets
How is crossover cable made?
using only 4 wires - 1,2,3, and 6 Wires 1 and 2 (transmit) from one end of the cable are switched to the recieve wire placeholders (wires 3 and 6) at the other end of the cable.
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 1 UTP cable?
1Mbps Voice Only-regular analog phone lines
What is the throughput and frequency used for Bluetooth?
1Mbps throughput 2.45 Ghz frequency
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 4 UTP cable?
16 Mbps Token Ring at 16 mbps
What is coaxial cable used for in current times?
-In high interference environments, where un-shielded cabling cannot function well - When connecting home LAN's to an Internet connection provided by the local cable company
What are the common fiber-optic cabling standards?
1) 10BaseFL 2) 100BaseFX 3) 1000BaseSX 4) 1000BaseLX 5) FDDI
Name three methods to carry radio frequency.
1) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2) Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) 3) Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
How does the 568B standard order the wires of a UTP connection?
1) Orange/White 2) Orange 3) Green/White 4) Blue 5) Blue/White 6) Green 7) Brown/White 8) Brown
What are the most common types of coaxial cables?
1) RG-58 2) RG-8 or RG-11 3) RG-62
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 6 UTP cable?
10 Gbps 10 Gibabit Ethernet (10 GbE)
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 3 UTP cable?
10 Mbps Ethernet over UTP at 10 Mbps (10BaseT)
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 5 UTP cable?
100 Mbps Ethernet over UTP at 100 Mbps (100BaseTX)
What is the maximum speed and typical use of CAT 5e UTP cable?
1000Mbps Ethernet over UTP at 1000Mbps (1000BaseTX)
What is the maximum length of UTP cable?
100m
What does plenum mean?
A fancy name for a gap between the real ceiling and the suspended tiles
What is MAC filtering?
A feature that enables the admin to limit the access of the wireless network based on the physical, hard-wired addresses of the wireless adapter
What is 10BaseFL?
A fiber-optic cabling standard for ethernet over fiber at 10 Mbps
What is 100BaseFX?
A fiber-optic cabling standard for ethernet over fiber at 100 Mbps
What is 1000BaseSX?
A fiber-optic cabling standard for ethernet over fiber using MMF at 1000 Mbps
What is 1000BaseLX?
A fiber-optic cabling standard for ethernet over fiber using SMF at 1000 Mbps
What is TKIP?
A protocol that is used to change the keys used for encryption for every packet that is sent.
What is a loopback cable?
A special cable used for self-diagnostics and typically has wires connecting the trasmit pins to the recieve pins on the same system
What is coaxial cable type RG-62 used for?
ARCNet
What is a rollover cable?
Also called the console cable It's used to connect the admin's system to the console port of a CIsco router or switch
What is crosstalk?
An unwanted interaction, or interference, between two electrical signals
Why shouldn't you use copper (coax or UTP) connections to link two buildings?
Because differences in neutral-to-earth voltage of two buildings can cause major data corruption
What does BNC stand for?
British Naval Connector
What type of connection do Thin Ethernet and ARCNet use?
British Naval Connector (BNC)
What is a BDF?
Building Distribution Frame Used in instances such as a College campus where the ouside line is connected to a MDF (campus) panel which then connects to the BDF panel (building) which connects to the IDF panel (floor)
How does Bluetooth work?
By creating a small wireless network called Wireless Personal Area Network
What wiring uses the 100/120 block standard?
CAT5 UTP
What cable is considered the granddaddy of all mainstream network media types?
Coaxial Cable
How does the DSSS method work?
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum A modulation technique that transfers data using the full bandwidth of a frequency.
What method does the 802.11b wireless network use to carry radio frequency traffic?
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
What is FDDI?
Fiber Distributed Data Interface at 10 Mbps
How does the FHSS method work?
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Transmits radio signals by switching frequencies at a high rate. The benifit is it is harder for someone to tap into the data as the frequency continues to change
What method does Bluetooth use to carry radio frequency traffic?
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
What is a HCC cable?
Horizontal Cross-Connect cable Is the patch cable that connects to the patch panel
Explain infrared wireless networking.
Infrared devices communicate through the Infrared Data Association protocol. The devices have a maximum throughput of 4 Mbps and a maximum distance of 1 meter.
What is a IDF?
Intermediate Distribution Frames IDF panels may represent a floor or some specific area
What is a MDF?
Main Distribution Frame Outside line enters the building and connects to the MDF panel which in turn connects to IDF panels
What is unbounded media?
Microwave, wireless, and infrared network links.
What are the two types of fiber media?
Multimode Fiber (MMF) Single-Mode Fiber (SMF)
What is MMF for and what is it used for?
Multimode Fiber cable Uses multiple rays of light (modes) simultaneously with each ray of light running at a different reflection angle Used to carry data short distances Used for infrared LED systems
What are the two types of crosstalk?
Near-end crosstalk (NEXT) Far-end crosstalk (FEXT)
How does the OFDM method work?
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Method Data is delivered by being spread across multiple parallel channels
Which method do the 802.11g and 802.11n wilreless networks use to carry radio frequency trafic?
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
What is bounded media?
Physical network cabling (copper and fiber).
What does RJ stand for?
Registered Jack
What are the two most common types of fiber-optic connectors?
ST (twist and lock) SC (push-fit)
What is a SSID?
Service Set Identification (Network Name) A 32-bit identification string used in the header of each 802.11 data packet
What does STP stand for?
Shielded Twisted Pair
What is SMF and what is it used for?
Single-Mode Fiber cable Uses one ray of light, known as a mode Used for long distances Used for laser-diode-based systems
What are the two types of cables that you can make with UTP cable?
Straight-Through and Crossover
What wiring uses the 66 block standard?
Telephone Systems
What kind of cabling uses the RJ45 connector
UTP Network Cabling (Unshielded Twisted Pair)
What does UTP stand for?
Unshielded Twisted Pair
How is a straight-through cable made for CAT5?
Using only 4 wires - 1,2,3, and 6 1 and 2 are transport pins while 3 and 6 are recieve pins
What is a VCC cable?
Vertical Cross-Connect Cable Is the cable that connects the MDF to the IDF's
How are BDF's, MDF's, and IDF's often connected to each other?
Via fiber
What is the difference between WPA-Personal and WPA-Enterprise?
WPA-Personal uses a preshared key as the method for encrypting traffic while WPA-Enterprise implements a central authentication server for authentication and auditing features.
How does Far-end crosstalk occur?
When a signal causes interference on an adjacent signal heading the opposite direction.
How does Near-end crosstalk occur?
When a signal causes interference with a signal on an adjacent wire heading in the same direction.
