Ch 2 pre test

Action potentials occur in the

axon.

A synapse is

the gap that separates two different neurons.

Edgar Adrian studied the relationship between nerve firing and sensory experience by measuring how the firing of a neuron from a receptor in the skin changed as he applied more pressure to the skin. He found that

the rate of nerve firing increased as he increased the pressure

The value that stays the same as long as there are no signals in the neuron is known as

resting potential (70MV)

The study of the physiological basis of cognition is known as

cognitive neuroscience

A 10-month-old baby is interested in discovering different textures, comparing the touch sensations between a soft blanket and a hard wooden block. Tactile signals such as these are received by the __________ lobe.

parietal

If kittens are raised in an environment that contains only verticals, you would predict that most of the neurons in their visual cortex would respond best to the visual presentation of a

picket fence.

The idea that an object could be represented by the firing of a specialized neuron that responds only to that object is called

specificity coding

Which organ is unique in that it appears to be static tissue?

Brain

Brain imaging has made it possible to

Brain imaging has made it possible to

Your author points out that studying the mind requires both __________ and __________ experiments.

behavioral; physiological

Groups of neurons or structures that are connected within the nervous system are called__________.

neural networks

It's often said that "life doesn't exist in a vacuum." However, the emptiness of ________ is critical for brain functioning.

synapses

The key structural components of neurons are the

A web

Which part of a neuron transmits signals to other neurons?

Axons

Which parts of neurons are also known as a "nerve fiber"?

Axons

Determining the sequence of DNA in humans was a major scientific advance that opened the door to new ideas about illness and approaches to treatment. An individual's unique DNA sequence is similar to which of the following?

Connectome

Early studies of brain tissue that used staining techniques and microscopes from the 19th century described the "nerve net." These early understandings were in error in the sense that the nerve net was believed to be

Continuous

Which of the following could be considered as always taking a "working vacation"?

Default mode network

Ramon is looking at photos of athletes in a sports magazine. He is focusing on their body parts, particularly their chest and legs. Which part of Ramon's brain is activated by this viewing?

Extrastriate body area (EBA

Taking clay and sand to create bricks, which are then used to build modular wall panels, which are then assembled to construct tall buildings, is similar to which of the following neural concepts

Hierarchical processing

In the mid-20th century, the study of the mind began using which technique or model inspired by digital computers?

Information processing model

Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regard to specificity coding?

It is unlikely to be correct because there are too many stimuli in the world to have a separate neuron for each.

Which part of the nervous system picks up information from the outside environment?

Receptors

What is the gap between the end of a neuron's axon and the dendrites or cell body of another neuron known as?

Synapse

The key structural components of neurons are the

The key structural components of neurons are the

List the three perspectives on the problem of sensory coding and provide an example of each.

The problem of neural representation for the senses has been called the problem of sensory coding, where the sensory code refers to how neurons represent various characteristics of the environment. The idea that an object could be represented by the firing of a specialized neuron that responds only to that object is called specificity coding. Although the idea of specificity coding is straightforward, it is unlikely to be correct. Even though there are neurons that respond to faces, these neurons usually respond to a number of different faces (not just Bill's). There are just too many different faces and other objects (and colors, tastes, smells, and sounds) in the world to have a separate neuron dedicated to each object. An alternative to the idea of specificity coding is that a number of neurons are involved in representing an object.

The __________ lobe of the cortex receives information from all of the senses and is responsible for coordination of the senses, as well as higher cognitive functions such as thinking and problem solving.

frontal

You are walking down the street and see a nice car drive by. You notice its color, movement, and shape. All of these features are processed

in different parts of the brain