Ch 21

In the metarterioles, smooth muscle tissue helps to regulate 1. the amount of blood flowing into the capillaries. 2. vascular resistance. 3. exchange of substances in the capillary beds. Entry field with correct answer 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 1, 2 and 3

1 and 2

The tunica media of an artery is comprised of 1. smooth muscle cells. 2. connective tissue. 3. epithelial cells. Entry field with correct answer 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 1, 2 and 3

1 and 2

Which type of shock is caused by inappropriate dilation of the small vessels? 1. anaphylactic shock 2. hypovolemic shock 3. obstructive shock 4. septic shock Entry field with correct answer 1 only 2 only 3 only 4 only 1 and 4

1 and 4

Net filtration pressure is due to 1. blood hydrostatic pressure. 2. blood colloid osmotic pressure. 3. interstitial fluid osmotic pressure. Entry field with correct answer 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 are correct 1, 2 and 3 are correct

1, 2 and 3 are correct

Filtration is greater than reabsorption at the arterial end of a capillary because Entry field with incorrect answer BCOP is greater at the arterial end BHP is greater at the arterial end IFOP is greater at the arterial end IFHP is greater at the arterial end

BHP is greater at the arterial end

Beta blockers work by slowing the inflow of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells. Entry field with correct answer True False

False

Edema is defined as the excess volume of blood in the capillaries Entry field with correct answer True False

False

Velocity of blood slows as the cross-sectional area of the vessel decreases. Entry field with correct answer True False

False

When blood pressure rises, the baroreceptors located in the aortic arch and carotid sinuses will send impulses at a slower rate in order to counteract the increase in blood pressure. Entry field with correct answer True False

False

A person unable to produce albumin and many other plasma proteins due to liver failure may have decreased reabsorption of fluid into the capillaries. Entry field with correct answer True False

True

Both blood vessels and blood cells develop from precursor cells called hemangioblasts. Entry field with correct answer True False

True

Collateral circulation is due to anastomoses. Entry field with correct answer True False

True

Endothelial cells can regulate local blood flow by secreting chemicals that cause vasodilation and change blood vessel permeability. Entry field with correct answer True False

True

Pulmonary blood vessels constrict in response to hypoxia whereas blood vessels in the systemic circulation dilate in response to low oxygen. Entry field with correct answer True False

True

The pluripotent stem cell is a type of cell that develops into a blood cell Entry field with correct answer True False

True

Which statement is not true of the hemodynamics of blood flow? Entry field with correct answer systolic blood pressure is the highest pressure in an artery an increase in lumen size increases blood flow total peripheral resistance is controlled by the arterioles a decrease in lumen diameter decreases blood pressure diastole is the interval between heart beats

a decrease in lumen diameter decreases blood pressure

Which of the following does NOT assist veins in returning blood to the heart? Entry field with correct answer valves skeletal muscle pump respiratory pump all of these choices assist veins none of these choices assists veins

all of these choices assist veins

Which is a true statement? Entry field with correct answer elastic arteries are also known as distributing arteries muscular arteries act as a pressure reservoir an example of a muscular artery is the brachial artery elastic arteries are medium-sized arteries elastic arteries have greater vasoconstriction abilities

an example of a muscular artery is the brachial artery

Blood leaves the left ventricle via the ___ and returns to the right atrium via the ____. Entry field with incorrect answer pulmonary trunk; pulmonary veins pulmonary veins; pulmonary trunk coronary arteries; coronary sinus aorta; superior and inferior vena cava superior and inferior vena cava; aorta

aorta; superior and inferior vena cava

Which does NOT increase blood pressure? Entry field with incorrect answer atrial natriuretic peptide. angiotensin II. antidiuretic hormone. aldosterone. norepinephrine.

atrial natriuretic peptide.

Which statement is true of capillary exchange? Entry field with correct answer interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure pushes fluid from the capillaries to the interstitial fluid blood hydrostatic pressure is lower at the venous end of a capillary blood colloid osmotic pressure is due to dissolved ions filtration is the movement from the interstitial fluid into the capillaries blood hydrostatic pressure is caused by the elasticity of the large arteries

blood hydrostatic pressure is lower at the venous end of a capillary

A sphygmomanometer wrapped above the elbow measures blood pressure in the Entry field with correct answer common carotid artery. brachial artery. femoral artery. radial artery. dorsalis pedis artery.

brachial artery.

A well-trained athlete would have a slow heart rate called: Entry field with correct answer bradykinesia tachycardia dyspnea bradycardia pulse pressure

bradycardia

Which is not a feature of the capillaries? Entry field with correct answer are located near almost every cell in the body connect arterioles to veins smallest of all vessels are absent in the cornea consist of a single layer of cells in their walls

connect arterioles to veins

Most of the capillaries in the body are Entry field with correct answer thoroughfare channels. continuous capillaries. fenestrated capillaries. sinusoids. portal systems.

continuous capillaries.

If cardiac output remains constant, but resistance to flow decreases, mean arterial pressure will Entry field with correct answer increase. decrease. remain the same. not enough data none of these choices

decrease.

The recoil of _________ helps to keep blood flowing during ventricular relaxation. Entry field with correct answer elastic arteries muscular arteries arterioles capillaries veins

elastic arteries

Which change does NOT occur with age? Entry field with correct answer decreased compliance of the aorta. increase in cardiac muscle fiber size. decreased cardiac output. increase in systolic blood pressure. decrease in HDL.

increase in cardiac muscle fiber size.

Which does NOT increase blood pressure? Entry field with correct answer increased venous return. increased total blood vessel length. increased heart rate. increased parasympathetic impulses. decreased blood vessel radius.

increased parasympathetic impulses.

Chemoreceptors are associated with all of the following except: Entry field with correct answer detecting hypercapnia located near the proprioceptors detecting hypoxia are found in the carotid bodies providing input to the respiratory center

located near the proprioceptors

Which statement does not describe pulmonary circulation? Entry field with correct answer the pulmonary trunk emerges from the right ventricle the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the lungs the aveoli are surrounded by capillaries there are four pulmonary veins

pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the lungs

Which of the following pulse locations do not match correctly? Entry field with correct answer femoral artery - inferior to inguinal ligament radial artery - within the axilla dorsal pedis artery - top of the foot common carotid artery - base of the neck popliteal artery - back of the knee

radial artery - within the axilla

Which of the following is not one of the negative feedback systems that respond to hypovolemic shock? Entry field with correct answer increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine release of local vasoconstrictors release of aldosterone from the adrenal gland release of antidiuretic hormone release of renin from the kidneys

release of local vasoconstrictors

Which correctly traces blood from the brachiocephalic trunk? Entry field with correct answer left common carotid artery, left internal carotid artery, left anterior cerebral artery left axillary artery, left brachial artery, left subclavian artery, left radial artery right axillary artery, right brachial artery, right subclavian artery, right radial artery left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery, left radial artery right subclavian artery, right axillary artery, right brachial artery, right radial artery

right subclavian artery, right axillary artery, right brachial artery, right radial artery

Which tissue is found in ALL blood vessels? Entry field with correct answer smooth muscle cardiac muscle elastic connective tissue simple squamous epithelium cardiac muscle and elastic connective tissue

simple squamous epithelium

Which statement is true about capillary exchange? Entry field with correct answer the most important method is bulk flow transcytosis is primarily used to transport carbohydrate-insoluble substances substances pass through the capillaries via fenestrations sinusoids do not allow passage of proteins bulk flow is considered an active process

substances pass through the capillaries via fenestrations

Which of the following statements is true? Entry field with correct answer subtracting the diastolic pressure from the systolic pressure indicates the pulse pressure Korotkoff sounds are the closing of the atrioventricular valves diastolic pressure is the pressure on vessel walls during contraction a sphygmomanometer is an instrument for listening to heart sounds the radial artery is compressed during measurement of blood pressure

subtracting the diastolic pressure from the systolic pressure indicates the pulse pressure

While you are at rest, the greatest quantity of blood will be found in the Entry field with correct answer systemic arteries and arterioles. systemic capillaries. systemic veins and venules. pulmonary vessels. heart.

systemic veins and venules.

Which of the following is not true? Entry field with correct answer the cavities in the temporal bone are called carotid sinuses the carotid sinus reflex regulates blood flow to the brain the vagus nerve communicates vessel pressure information to the brain quickly standing up reduces blood pressure to the brain baroreceptors sense changes in vessel pressure

the cavities in the temporal bone are called carotid sinuses

Which of the following is incorrect following birth? Entry field with correct answer the umbilical vein becomes the round ligament the foramen ovale allows continued passage of blood to the left ventricle the ductus arteriosus becomes the ligamentum arteriosum the umbilical arteries become the medial umbilical ligaments the placenta or "afterbirth" is disposed of

the foramen ovale allows continued passage of blood to the left ventricle

Which of the following is not considered a factor in vascular resistance? Entry field with correct answer the length of a vessel the viscosity of blood the pH of the blood the size of the internal diameter of a vessel brain stem control of peripheral resistance

the pH of the blood

Which statement is not true of venous return to the heart? Entry field with correct answer an incompetent tricuspid valve decreases venous return when standing, the proximal and distal valves in the leg are open the respiratory pump increase venous return to the left atrium milking refers to contraction of the calf muscles to increase venous return venous return is generated by contraction of the left ventricle

the respiratory pump increase venous return to the left atrium

Large proteins and red blood cells can pass Entry field with correct answer directly through capillary walls. through fenestrations in organs such as the kidney. through intercellular clefts in sinusoids. across capillary walls via transcytosis. between endothelial cells of the capillaries by bulk flow.

through intercellular clefts in sinusoids.

Which pairing is matched correctly regarding the structure of an artery? Entry field with correct answer tunica media - thinnest layer, consists of elastic and collagen fibers tunica intima - consists of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers tunica externa - consists of simple squamous cells, called exothelium tunica intima - has a basement membrane and an internal elastic lamina tunica media - layer closest to the lumen

tunica intima - has a basement membrane and an internal elastic lamina

You have decided to slow down and smell the roses, but your last memory before collapsing in shock is the sting of a bee on your nose. The most likely type of shock in this situation is Entry field with correct answer hypovolemic shock. cardiogenic shock. vascular shock. septic shock. obstructive shock.

vascular shock.

The largest blood reservoir when the body is at rest is found in the: Entry field with correct answer pulmonary blood vessels arterioles arteries heart veins

veins