Ch 2,3 Review Questions

List the warning signs of clinical depression.

-change in appetite-change in sleep patterns-loss of energy; always tired-hopeless, boredom, guilt, worthlessness

What are the leading causes of death in the United States of people between the ages of 25 and 44?

Accidents, motor vehicle, poison (solid, liquid), drowning, falls, firerelated, cancer, and heart disease

When death rates are classified by industry type, what are the three leading industry types?

Agriculture, mining, and construction.

Rank the following body parts according to frequency of injury from highest to lowest: neck, fingers, trunk, back, and eyes.

Back, fingers, trunk, eyes, neck.

Explain how todays's rate of accidental work deaths now compares with the rate of the early 1900s.

Between 1912 and 1989, accidental work deaths per 100,000population were reduced 81 percent, from 21 to 4.

Explain the systems failure component of the accident/incident theory.

Ergonomic traps, overload, and/or a decision to err lead to human error in the [____] Theory of Accident Causation.

List five of Heinrich's Axioms of Industrial Safety.

Injuries result from a completed series of factors, one of which is the accident itself. Most accidents are the results of unsafe behavior by people. An unsafe act by a person or an unsafe condition does not always immediately result in an accident/injury. The reasons why people commit unsafe acts can serve as helpful guides in selecting corrective actions. The supervisor is the key person in the prevention of industrial accidents.

What impact do stressors have in the systems theory?

It promoted workplace safety even more due to the fact that companies could not meet their labor needs.

List five factors to consider before making workplace decisions that involve risk.

Job requirements, the workers abilities and limitations, the gain if the task is successfully accomplished, the loss if the task is attempted but fails, the loss if the task is not attempted.

When the overall cost of an accident is calculated, what elements make up the cost?

Lost wages, medical expenses, insurance administration, fire related losses, property damage, and indirect costs.

What must management do if it is serous about providing a safe and healthy work environment for employees?

Management must establish expectations, provide training,evaluate employee performance with safety in mind, and reinforce safe and healthy behavior.

What are the five leading causes of accidental deaths in the United States?

Motor vehicle, falls, poisoning, drowning, and fire related.

What are the five leading causes of work injuries by type of accident?

Overexertion, impact accidents, falls, bodily reaction, and compression.

What are the three broad factors that lead to human error in the human factor theory? Briefly explain each.

Overload, inappropriate response, and inappropriate activities

Explain the reasons for high accident rates in developing countries.

Rapid development and the pressure of global competitionMissing safety and health infrastructure

What is the role of the safety and health professional with regard to handling employees who might be drug or alcohol abusers?

Safety and health professionals should be aware of the workplace problems that can be caused by alcohol and drug abuse. Should also be a member of the cross-functional team of representatives who develop a drug-free workplace program.

What are the leading causes of death in the United States?

Strokes, cancer, heart disease, and accidents.

What were the findings of Herbert W.Heinrich's 1920s study of the causes of industrial accidents?

Unsafe acts committed by fellow workers

Explain the connections between obesity and injuries.

between obesity and injuries The most common causes of injuries to obese people were the result of overexertion and falls. Efforts to promoteoptimal body weight may reduce not only the risk of chronic diseases, but also the riskof unintentional injuries.

Explain the Swiss Cheese Model from the perspective of accident prevention.

causation- where holes indicate failed or active defenses.

Explain the principles of behavior‐based safety

developing safety and health program for company

What are the five leading causes of work deaths?

otor vehicle related, falls, electric current, drowning, and fire-related