Ch 24 Digestive System

The secretion in the large intestine consists of which of the following? -bile -digestive enzymes such as CCK and secretin -bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus -intrinsic factor

-bicarbonate- and potassium-rich mucus

The Kupffer cells of the liver -destroy damaged RBCs. -are phagocytic. -present antigens. -destroy bacteria. -All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following intestinal hormones stimulates bile from the gall bladder? GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide) motilin CCK (cholecystokinin) gastrin

CCK (cholecystokinin)

Which of the following describes the local response in the stomach during the gastric phase of gastric regulation? -Released histamines stimulate parietal cells to secrete acid. -It is triggered by chemoreceptors sensing partially digested peptides. -Stressful situations directly inhibit the local response during the gastric phase. -Signals from the myenteric plexus trigger forceful contractions called mixing waves.

Released histamines stimulate parietal cells to secrete acid.

What do the gastroenteric reflex and the gastroileal reflex have in common? -They both respond to signals associated with the distension of the stomach wall. -They are both inhibited by large amounts of carbohydrates and alcohol. -They are both triggered during the gastric phase of regulation. -They both affect the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine through the ileocecal valve.

They both respond to signals associated with the distension of the stomach wall.

Enteric interneurons that are inhibitory to smooth muscle use which of the following neurotransmitters? -norepinephrine -ACh (acetylcholine) -substance P -VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide)

VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide

The functions of the oral cavity include all of the following except: -digestion of carbohydrates. -absorption of monosaccharides. -mechanical processing of food. -sensory analysis of material before swallowing. -lubrication.

absorption of monosaccharides.

Functions of the stomach include all of the following except -storage of ingested food. -mechanical breakdown of food. -initiation of protein digestion. -absorption of triglycerides. -denaturation of proteins.

absorption of triglycerides.

In response to a steak dinner, certain secretions are needed to aid digestion. What cells in the pancreas would provide these secretions? duct cells islet of Langerhans cells acinar cells

acinar cells

Each of the following is a function of the liver except -antibody production. -synthesis and secretion of bile. -synthesis of plasma proteins. -storage of glycogen and iron reserves. -inactivation of toxins.

antibody production.

The root of a tooth is covered by: dentin. pulp. the root canal. cementum. enamel.

cementum.

In the center of a liver lobule there is a portal vein. hepatic duct. central vein. sinusoid. portal area.

central vein.

What cells in the gastric pits produce pepsinogen? -paracrine (also known as enteroendocrine cells) -chief -parietal -G cells

chief

The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the -common bile duct and the pancreatic duct. -duodenum and the pancreatic duct. -duodenum and the common bile duct. -duodenum and the jejunum. -duodenum and the pylorus.

common bile duct and the pancreatic duct.

Which of the following functions occurs in the large intestine? -acid breakdown of swallowed foods -secretion of bile and storage of nutrients -dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials -secretion of buffers and digestive enzymes

dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials

Brunner glands are characteristic of the: jejunum. colon. duodenum. stomach. ileum.

duodenum.

Haustra are -strips of muscle in the colon. -compact feces stored in the rectum. -glands in the large intestine that secrete mucus. -expansible pouches of the colon. -the source of colon hormones.

expansible pouches of the colon.

The breakdown products of which of the following are absorbed into lacteals? proteins fats carbohydrates

fats

Bile is stored in the: gallbladder. pancreas. liver. duodenum. appendix.

gallbladder

G cells of the stomach secrete: gastrin. pepsin. secretin. cholecystokinin. enteropeptidase.

gastrin.

The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is: enteropeptidase. gastrin. cholecystokinin. secretin. CCK.

gastrin.

A drug that blocks the action of carbonic anhydrase in parietal cells would result in: -decreased gastrin production. -increased protein digestion in the stomach. -decreased production of pepsinogen by chief cells. -a lower pH during gastric digestion. -a higher pH during gastric digestion.

higher pH during gastric digestion.

Parietal cells secrete: mucus. enteropeptidase. hydrochloric acid. gastrin. pepsinogen.

hydrochloric acid

Peyer's patches are characteristic of the: jejunum. ileum. colon. duodenum. stomach.

ileum.

During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion, -secretin inhibits parietal and chief cells. -the stomach responds to distention. -the intestinal reflex inhibits gastric emptying. -increased production of gastric juice occurs. -production of gastric juice slows down.

increased production of gastric juice occurs.

During which phase in the control of the digestive system would bicarbonate and bile be stimulated? gastric phase cephalic phase intestinal phase

intestinal phase

What provides access for blood vessels entering and leaving the liver? falciform ligament mesentery proper greater omentum diaphragm lesser omentum

lesser omentum

Movements unique to the large intestine are ________ movements. mass segmentation pendular peristaltic writhing

mass

Powerful peristaltic contractions that occur a few times each day in the colon are called haustral churning. pendular movements. segmentation. mass movements. defecation.

mass movements.

The ________ are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral organs and carry nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels. adventitia lamina propria fibrosa serosa mesenteries

mesenteries

A viral infection that often involves the parotid glands, which swell noticeably, is: gingivitis. parotiditis. mumps. polyps. dysphagia.

mumps.

Sandwiched between the layer of circular and longitudinal muscle in the muscularis externa is the: myenteric plexus. muscularis mucosa. submucosal plexus. mucosa. submucosa.

myenteric plexus.

Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion? pancreas appendix spleen esophagus colon

pancreas

The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of islets of Langerhans. pancreatic crypts. pancreatic lobules. pancreatic acini. triads

pancreatic acini.

Which of the following enzymes is important for the digestion of fat? pancreatic amylase pancreatic lipase pepsin trypsin

pancreatic lipase

Which of the following enzymes is important for breaking down protein? amylase lipase pepsin

pepsin

Chief cells secrete: intrinsic factor. mucus. hydrochloric acid. gastrin. pepsinogen.

pepsinogen.

Enzymatic breakdown of which of the following compounds doesn't begin until it reaches the stomach? proteins lipids carbohydrates

proteins

The enzyme pepsin digests vitamins. lipids. proteins. nucleic acids. carbohydrates.

proteins.

The part of a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves is the: enamel. cementum. dentin. pulp cavity. periodontium.

pulp cavity.

Functions of the large intestine include -most of the chemical breakdown of food. -production of gas to move waste toward the rectum. -reabsorption of water and compaction of feces. -secretion of vitamins. -absorption of bile salts.

reabsorption of water and compaction of feces.

An enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa of a newborn that coagulates milk proteins is cholecystokinin. rennin. trypsin. pepsin. gastrin.

rennin.

In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid: -rich in bicarbonate ion. -rich in mucus. -that contains only amylase. -rich in bile. -rich in enzymes.

rich in bicarbonate ion.

The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called: papillae. cardia. plicae. villi. rugae.

rugae.

An increase in HCl (hydrochloric acid) secretion in the duodenum would stimulate which hormone that would help to counteract the effects of HCl? secretin CCK (cholecystokinin) gastrin GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide

secretin

Which of the following GI hormones promotes a pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate ions? -motilin -GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide) -gastrin -secretin

secretin

The stomach secretes the hormone ghrelin which functions to: stimulate hunger. inhibit hunger. regulate the digestion of lipids.

stimulate hunger

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term gastrin? -carries absorbed sugars and amino acids -stimulates pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid -where pancreatic juice and bile enter duodenum -stimulates gastric secretion -causes gallbladder to contract

stimulates gastric secretion

A stratified squamous epithelial lining can be found in all of the following except in the: oral cavity. stomach. oropharynx. anal canal. esophagus.

stomach.

Sensory nerve cells, parasympathetic ganglia, and sympathetic postganglionic fibers can be found in the: serosa. adventitia. mucosa. lamina propria. submucosal plexus.

submucosal plexus.

An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is maltase. amylase. nuclease. trypsin. lipase.

trypsin.