Ch. 28 Head and Spine Injuries WB

Intracranial bleeding outside of the dura mater and under the skull is known as a(n):

Epidural hematoma

The skull is divided into the cranium and the:

Face

The ideal procedure for moving a patient from the ground to the backboard is the:

Four-person log roll

Which of the following is not a symptom of a concussion? - Dizziness, Weakness, Muscle tremors, Visual Changes

Muscle Tremors

Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid? Acts as a shock absorber, bathes the brain and spinal cord, buffers the brain and spinal cord from injury, provides continuous oxygen to the brain.

Provides continuous oxygen to the brain

The ------ is a tunnel running the length of the spine, which encloses and protects the spinal cord.

Spinal Canal

Emergency medical care of a patient with a possible spinal injury begins with:

Standard precautions

Neck rigidity, bloody cerebrospinal fluid, and headache are associated with what kind of bleeding in the brain?

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Peripheral nerves include all of the following EXCEPT: - connecting nerves, sensory nerves, motor nerves, the spinal cord.

The spinal cord

How many EMTs are required to immobilize a standing patient?

Three

Hyperventilation should be used with caution in head injury patients and only be attempted when ------- is/are available.

capnography

A ------ is a temporary loss or alteration of a part or all of the brain's ability to function without actual physical damage to the brain.

concussion

The most prominent and the most easily palpable spinous process is at the ------- cervical vertebra at the base of the neck.

7th

Assessment of mental status is accomplished through the use of the mnemonic:

AVPU

A vacuum mattress molds to the specific contours of the patient's body and: - reduces pressure point tenderness, provides better comfort, provides thermal insulation, or all of the above

All of the above

Once the head and neck are manually stabilized, you should assess for: -pulse, motor function, sensation, or all of the above

All of the above = PMS

The brain is divided into the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the:

Brain stem

Injury to the head and neck may indicate injury to the:

Cervical Spine

Which of the following is NOt part of the central nervous system? -The Brain, The Spinal cord, CSF, Cranial Nerves

Cranial Nerves

------- is the most reliable sign of a head injury.

Decreased level of consciousness

The ------ is composed of three layers of tissue that suspend the brain and spinal cord within the skull and spinal canal.

Meninges

Which of the following is NOT part of Cushing's triad? - Increased bp, decreased pulse rate, decreased pulse oximetry, irregular respirations

decreased pulse oximetry

The autonomic nervous system is composed of the sympathetic nervous system and the:

parasympathetic nervous system

The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the:

peripheral nervous system

The first step in securing a patient to a short backboard is to:

provide manual stabilization of the cervical spine.

Common causes of head injuries include all of the following EXCEPT: - falls, motor vehicle collisions, seizure activity, sports injuries

seizure activity

Exceptions to using a short spinal extrication device include all of the following EXCEPT: - you or the patient is in danger, the patient is conscious and complaining of lumbar pain, you need to gain immediate access to other patients, the patient's injuries justify immediate removal.

the patient is conscious and complaining of lumbar pain

Helmets must be removed in all of the following cases EXCEPT: - cardiac arrest, when the helmet allows for excessive movement, when there are no impending airway or breathing problems, when a shield cannot be removed for access to the airway.

when there are no impending airway or breathing problems.