Ch. 29

Which of the following hormones is not produced by the placenta?

FSH and LH

Which of the following is NOT an effect of pregnancy on the mother?

Maternal blood volume decreases.

In an ectopic pregnancy, __________.

implantation occurs somewhere other than within the uterus

The stretching of the myometrium is associated with a gradual increase in the __________.

rates of spontaneous smooth muscle contractions

Prostaglandins in the endometrium __________.

stimulate smooth muscle contractions

The umbilical cord, or umbilical stalk, contains __________.

the allantois, blood vessels, and yolk stalk

Exchange between the embryonic and the maternal circulations occurs by diffusion across the syncytial and cellular trophoblast layers via __________.

the chorionic blood vessels

Fraternal, or dizygotic, twins result from __________.

two oocytes being ovulated in one cycle

What is the extra-embryonic membrane that gives rise to the urinary bladder?

Allantois

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on organ systems?

An increase in peripheral blood flow

What is the correct sequence of events going from the zygote to the fetus?

Cleavage; implantation; placentation; embryogenesis

What is the medical specialty that focuses on the postnatal period from infancy through adolescence?

Pediatrics

Which of the following is the term for aging, or growing old?

Senescence

What is the fate of the cluster of cells in the blastocyst known as the inner cell mass?

The cells will develop into the embryo.

What happens in the process of hatching?

The zona pellucida is shed from the blastocyst.

Which of the following is NOT a physiological effect on the mother's body during pregnancy?

There is a decrease in folic acid needs.

Which of the following is NOT one of the germ layers formed during gastrulation?

Trophoderm

Embryogenesis is the process that establishes the foundation for __________.

all the major organ systems

The first secretion produced by the mammary glands for the baby is __________.

colostrum

During gestation, the primary compensatory adjustments include all of the following except ______________.

decreasing the respiratory rate and tidal volume

What is the hormone that is produced by the placenta and stimulates the mother's ovaries to continue the production of progesterone?

hCG

Throughout embryonic and fetal development, metabolic wastes generated by the fetus are eliminated by their transfer to the __________.

maternal circulation

The chorion develops from the __________.

mesoderm and the trophoblast

The first stage of labor, during which the cervix opens, is called __________.

the dilation stage

Which systems that are relatively nonfunctional during the fetus' prenatal period must become functional at birth?

the respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems