Ch 3

A correlation score of +0.75 between two variables such as symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression indicates what kind of relationship between these variables?

A strong, positive association between them

______ rates refer to the extent to which new cases of a disorder appear over a specified time period.

Incidence

An assessment tool that actually measures the construct it is intended to measure can be considered ____.

valid

_____ means that the child shows some form of agreement to participate in research without necessarily understanding the full significance of the research.

Assent

____ validity refers to the degree of correlation between measures that are expected to be related to one another.

Convergent

_____ rates refer to all cases of a disorder, whether new or previously existing, that are observed during a specified time period.

Prevalence

____ increases the chance that characteristics other than the independent variable will be equally distributed across treatment groups.

Random assignment

The overlapping or co-occurrence of disorders is called ____.

comorbidity

In ____ research, different individuals at different ages or stages of development are studied at the same point in time.

cross-sectional

Treatment ____ refers to whether or not a treatment can produce changes under well-controlled conditions.

efficacy

The degree to which findings can be generalized to children, settings, times, measures, and characteristics other than the one in a particular study is referred to as ____.

external validity

In research terms, research questions about behavior that follow from a theory are called ____.

hypotheses

In an A-B-A-B design, the "B" stands for ____.

intervention

In ____ research, the same individuals are studied at different ages/stages of development.

longitudinal

Factors that influence the direction or strength of a relationship of variables of interest are called ____.

moderator variables

Qualitative data are typically collected by ____.

open-ended interviewing and observations

Emily's mother was asked to complete a behavior checklist on two separate occasions several weeks apart. The results yielded from both occasions were very similar. The behavior checklist can be said to be

reliable

Asking college students to describe their childhood relationships with peers is an example of a ____ design.

retrospective

A variable that precedes an outcome of interest and increases the chances that the negative outcome will occur is a(n) ____.

risk factor

The fact that effects of parental conflict and divorce may not surface immediately but rather years later is an example of ____.

sleeper effect