ch. 37
A nursing instructor is teaching the students about the standard and transmission-based precautions. What type of precautions require placing a client in an isolated room with limited access, wearing gloves during contact with the client and all body fluids or contaminated items, wearing two layers of protective clothing, and avoiding sharing equipment between clients?
Contact precautions (p.1289)
A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon assessment the nurse finds a swollen parotid gland. The nurse suspects which infectious disease?
Mumps (p.1310-1311)
The nurse is assessing a child who presents with a history of fever, malaise, fatigue, and headache. The nurse notes a bulls-eye rash on the child's right leg. Which action will the nurse take?
Notify the primary health care provider. (p.1290)
The student nurse is discussing the plan of care for a child admitted to the hospital for treatment of an infection. Which action should be taken first?
Obtain blood cultures. (p.1291-1292)
The nurse is educating parents of a child admitted to the hospital with rubella (German measles). Which statement by the parents indicates the further education is needed?
"Antibiotics are needed to help our child recover from rubella." (p.1306)
The nurse is discussing fever with the parents of a child who is in the emergency department with a temperature of 101°F (38.3°C). Which statement by a parent indicates an understanding of fevers and their management in the ill child?
"Fevers can be beneficial because they can slow down the growth of the bacteria or virus that may be causing the infection." (p.1285-1286)
When providing care for a child with herpes zoster (shingles), the parents ask the nurse how the child contracted this infectious disorder. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
"Herpes zoster is a reactivation of a previous varicella zoster infection." (p.1309)
A child has been diagnosed with hookworm. The nurse is teaching the parent about the treatment for the condition. Which statement made by the parent confirms that further education is needed?
"My child can play outside bare footed when treatment is done." (p.1320)
The parents of a 4-month-old diagnosed with sepsis tell the nurse that the physician explained sepsis to them but they don't really understand it. The parents state, "Could you please explain it to us?" What is the best response by the nurse?
"The infection your child has causes the release of toxins into the system, which can lead to impaired function in the lungs, liver, and kidneys." (p.1298)
A school-aged child is recovering from varicella. The parent calls the school nurse and states, "my child is feeling much better" and asks when the child can return to school. What information does the nurse provide the parent?
"Your child may return to school when all of the lesions have crusted over." (p.1308)
Parents bring their 9-year-old child to the clinic for a well-child visit. They are concerned because several children in the neighborhood have developed Lyme disease and ask for suggestions on what to do to reduce their child's risk. What would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest?
- Contacting the health care provider if there is any area of inflammation that might be a bite. - Wearing protective clothing when playing in wooded areas. - Inspecting the skin closely for ticks after the child plays in wooded areas. (p.1315)
The mother of a 10-year-old child diagnosed with rubella asks what can be done to help her child feel better during her illness. What information can be provided?
Encourage rest and relaxation. (p.1306)
The nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen to a 4-year-old child to provide comfort. Which precaution is specific to antipyretics?
Ensure proper dose and interval.
A 10-year-old child has an unknown infection and will need to provide a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. To assure that the sensitivity results are accurate, which step is most important?
Obtain specimen before antibiotics are given. (p.1393)
The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child with a skin rash. The nurse should include which intervention to manage the associated pruritis?
Press the pruritic area. (p.1296)
The nurse at an outpatient facility is obtaining a blood specimen from a 9-year-old girl. Which technique would most likely be used?
Puncturing a vein on the dorsal side of the hand. (p.1291)
A nurse practitioner suspects that a child has scarlet fever based on which assessment finding?
Red, strawberry tongue (p.1301)
What information should be included in the teaching plan for a child with varicella?
Remind the child not to scratch the lesions. (p.1305)
A 6-year-old child is brought to the clinic by his parents. The parents state, "He had a sore throat for a couple of days and now his temperature is over 102°F (38.9°C). He has this rash on his face and chest that looks like sunburn but feels really rough." What would the nurse suspect?
Scarlet fever (p.1300-1301)
A nurse is assessing a child with a tick-borne disease. What finding would indicate to the nurse that the child has developed ehrlichiosis and not Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
absence of rash (p.1313)
A chief danger of scarlet fever is that children may develop:
acute glomerulonephritis. (p.1300-1301)
Which child will the nurse identify as at greatest risk for developing a urinary tract infection?
an 8-month-old bottle-fed female with HIV (p.1293)
A group of nursing students are reviewing the functions of white blood cells. The students demonstrate an understanding of the information when they identify which white blood cell as responsible for combating allergic disorders?
eosinophils (p.1285)
What is one of the most commonly reported communicable diseases in the United States?
gonorrhea (p.1284)
A child is diagnosed with scarlet fever. History reveals that the child has no known drug allergies. When preparing the child's plan of care, the nurse would anticipate administering which agent as the drug of choice?
penicillin V (p.1300-1301)
While assessing a child, the nurse notes a runny nose, temperature 100.4°F (38°C), and a whoop sound when the child coughs. On which diagnosis will the nurse anticipate providing education for this family?
pertussis (p.1302)
A child is diagnosed with group A streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse would teach the parents to be alert for signs and symptoms of:
scarlet fever. (p.1301)
The nurse is doing an in-service training on clinical manifestations seen in communicable diseases. Which skin condition best describes pustule?
small elevation of epidermis filled with a viscous fluid (p.1318)
The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child with varicella. Which statement indicates that the parents have understood the instructions?
"We need to make sure that he washes his hands frequently." (p.1289)
A nursing instructor has presented a class on the stages of an infectious disease to a group of students and asks the students to place the stages in their proper sequence from beginning to end. Place the stages in their proper sequence.
- Incubation - Prodrome - Illness - Convalescence (p.1287)
A nurse is preparing a presentation for parents about common childhood infectious diseases. What conditions would the nurse include as being caused by a tick bite?
- Lyme disease - Rocky Mountain spotted fever (p.1315-1316)
The nurse is concerned that the child is developing septic shock. Which finding(s) are consistent with this condition?
- The child's blood pressure is reduced. - White blood cell count is elevated. - The child is pale and lethargic. - The child's respiratory rate is elevated. (p.1298)
The physician has ordered ibuprofen 150 mg every 6 hours as needed for a 3-year-old child for a fever greater than 38°C (100.4°F). The label of the ibuprofen bottle reads "ibuprofen oral suspension 100 mg/5 ml." How much ibuprofen liquid will the nurse administer if the child's temperature goes above 38°C (100.4°F)? Record your answer using one decimal place.
7.5 (p.1287)
The rash in roseola is pruritic. Which measure would you teach the parent to provide comfort?
Apply cool compresses to the skin to stop local itching. (p.1320)
The nurse is talking to the parents of a 2-month-old infant who has been admitted to the hospital with sepsis. The parents report being confused since their older children also had the flu but they recovered without incident. What information can the nurse provide to the parents?
Children this young do not have mature immune systems to fight infection. (p.1298)
A 7-year-old child with an earache comes to the clinic. The child's parent reports that 1 day ago the child had a fever and headache and did not want to play. When the nurse asks where it hurts, the child points to the jawline in front of the earlobe. What does the nurse expect the diagnosis will be for this child?
Mumps (p.1310-1311)
A young girl arrives at the emergency room after being bitten by a neighbor's dog. The mother is concerned her daughter will get rabies. The nurse carefully examines and treats the bite and questions the mother and daughter about the details surrounding the dog biting her. What information would most strongly indicate a risk for rabies infection in this client?
The dog was unprovoked when he bit the girl (p.1314)
A 9-month-old child has been admitted to rule out sepsis. Which finding offers the most support to the presence of this disorder?
The child has had 8 ounces of formula in the past 24 hours. (p.1296)
What is a true statement regarding measles?
The incubation period is 10 to 12 days. (p.1306)
The nurse is caring for multiple clients on the pediatric unit. Which child will the nurse see first?
a child with erythema infectiosum experiencing fatigue and confusion (p.1310)